Transcript fast and lively, running quavers, simple time, 2 or 4 beats in a bar

Scottish Music
Revision
Scottish Dances
 March
 Reel
 Strathspey
 Waltz
 Jig
 MARCH – strong steady pulse, simple
time, 2 or 4 beats in a bar
 REEL – fast and lively, running quavers,
simple time, 2 or 4 beats in a bar (coffee
coffee)
 STRATHSPEY – features Scotch Snap
(jumpy rhythm), 2 or 4 beats in a bar
 WALTZ – slow, 3 beats in a bar
 JIG – fast dance, normally 6/8 compound
time (strawberry strawberry)
Features
 Simple Time
 Compound Time
 Scotch Snap
 Pentatonic Scale
 Grace Notes
 SIMPLE TIME – where the beat can be divided
easily into groups of 2 or 4, e.g. 2/4, 3/4, 4/4
 COMPOUND TIME – where the beat is dotted
and can be divided into groups of 3, e.g. 3/8,
6/8, 9/8
 SCOTCH SNAP – a short not (semiquaver)
followed by a long note (dotted quaver),
commonly found in a Strathspey
 PENTATONIC SCALE – a 5 note scale
commonly used in Scottish music,
e.g. C D F G A or the black notes on the
keyboard
 GRACE NOTES – an ornament where a very
short note is played before the main note
Pibroch
 Classical music for the
bagpipes
 Always in ‘theme and
variation’ form
Scottish Instruments
 Bagpipes
 Clarsach
 Accordion
 Fiddle
 BAGPIPES – a reed instrument with a
chanter and drones – the drone pipes
create a long, continuous note while the
chanter plays a melody above it
 CLARSACH – a small Scottish harp
which is plucked (pizzicato)
 ACCORDION – an instrument with a
keyboard – sounds are produced by
squeezing bellows with the arms
 FIDDLE – the Scottish name for the
violin
Bands
 PIPE BAND – bagpipes &
drums, plays marches
 SCOTTISH DANCE BAND –
Fiddle, Accordion, Bass,
Keyboard & Drum kit, play at
ceilidh’s
INDIAN
Indian music uses 2 main
instruments:
TABLA – a double headed drum
each of different size and pitch
SITAR – a string instrument
made of wood. It is plucked and
has up to 21 strings, 2 of which
act as a drone.
(Indonesian) GAMELAN
A group of TUNED &
UNTUNED percussion
instruments including
metallophones, xylophones,
gongs, chimes, double
headed drums, bamboo
flute & the zither, which play
complex cross rhythmic pieces.
GHANAIAN DRUM
ENSEMBLE
A group of UNTUNED percussion
instruments from Africa including
drums of different pitch and size,
shakers, and bells, which play
complex cross rhythmic pieces.
STEEL BAND
A band featuring
the STEEL DRUMS
from the West
Indies, often
accompanied by the drum kit.
The drums are
tuned, of various
pitch and size
and are played
by striking the
lids with hammers.
Latin American
Dance music from South America, where
the brass & percussion instruments
provide lively off-beat, syncopated dance
rhythms. Two Latin American dances are:
 SAMBA – A very lively syncopated dance
with 2 beats in a bar.
 SALSA – The most important element of
salsa is rhythm, provided by a large
percussion section. Salsa has a
prominent melody line.
Pan Pipes
Wind instrument from
Peru. Pipes are
bound together in
order of length and
the sound is produced
by blowing across the
top of the pipes.
Country
A style of American folk music e.g.
‘Country & Western’. It involves
original songs brought to America
by settlers from Scotland &
England. It can feature the slide
guitar.