Transcript Drawing Atoms - Noadswood Science

Friday, 08 April 2016
Drawing Atoms
L.O: To know how to draw atoms and
to use this to spot patterns on the
periodic table
How small is an atom?
Atoms are extremely small – they are about 0.00000001 cm wide.
To make an atom the size of a football it would have to be enlarged
by about 3,000,000,000 times.
N
X3,000,000,000
If a football was enlarged by
the same amount it would
stretch from the UK to the
USA.
How big is an atom?
0.1-0.5nm
How big is a nm?
Spot the mistake
How many protons, neutrons and electrons?
1 proton
5 proton
8 proton
1 Electron
5 Electron
8 Electron
1 Neutron
6 Neutron
8 Neutron
1 proton
1 Electron
0 Neutron
11 proton
12 Electron
12 Neutron
35 proton
17 Electron
18 Neutron
11 proton
17 proton
11 Electron
17 Electron
12 Neutron
18 Neutron
92 proton
92 Electron
146 Neutron
Electron structure
• The electrons of the atom are arranged in shells (energy levels)
The first
she
ll only has
2
electrons
The next
2 shells
have 8
electrons
Each shell
must be filled
up before
electrons can
be added to
the next one
Electron structure
Consider an atom of Potassium:
Potassium has 19 electrons.
These are arranged in shells…
The inner shell has __ electrons
The next shell has __ electrons
The next shell has __ electrons
The next shell has the remaining __ electron
Electron structure
= 2,8,8,1
Can you model these?
Remember to work out the PEN number first
Can you spot the link between
the electron structure and the
atoms position on the periodic
table?
The number of
electrons in
the outer shell
is the same as
the atoms
group number
The number of
electrons in
the outer shell
affects the
properties of
the atom, e.g.
its reactivity
 Atoms in group 1 have 1 electron in the outer shell
 Atoms in group 2 have 2 electrons in the outer shell
 Atoms in group 3 have 3 electrons in the outer shell
. . . and so on
 Atoms in group 0 have a full outer shell
 The number of atoms in the outer shell affect the
properties of the atom SO ATOMS IN THE SAME
GROUP HAVE SIMILAR PROPERTIES
Why are atoms
neutral? (4 marks)
What’s your score?
•
•
•
•
•
Protons are positive
Electrons are negative
Equal numbers of protons and electrons
Charges or + and – balance
Neutrons have no charge
Quick Quiz





Draw and label an atom (3)
What is the charge on a proton?
What is the charge on a neutron?
What is the charge on an electron?
How many electrons, neutrons and protons does
potassium have? (3)
 Draw the electron structure of Magnesium (3)
 What are the names of groups 1, 7 and 0? (3)
 How many electrons would you expect an atom of
Francium to have in the outer shell?