Transcript Section 1.6
Probability of Multiple Events
A standard die is tossed. Find each probability.
P(5 or 6)
A standard die is tossed. Find each probability.
P(an even number or a number greater than 4)
A standard number cube is tossed and a card is chosen from a
standard 52-card deck. Find each probability.
P(rolling an even number and selecting an ace from the deck)
4.
The color of a car is selected at random; the type of
transmission is selected at random
13.
About 30% of the U.S. population is under 20 years old.
About 17% of the population is over 60. What is the
probability that a person chosen at random is under 20 or
over 60?
Suppose a number from 1 to 100 is selected at random.
What is the probability that a multiple of 4 or 5 is chosen?
A: 1/20
B: 0.36
C: 2/5
D: 45%
Mutually exclusive?
P(mult. of 4 or mult. of 5) = P(mult. of 4) + P(mult. of 5) –
P(mult. of 4 and 5)
P(A or B) =
P(A or B) =
100
40
100
+
=
100
2
5
−
100
Probability Distributions
Definition 1: A frequency table is a list of the outcomes in a
sample space and the number of times each outcome
occurs.
In the game Rock-Paper-Scissors, the scissors cut the
paper, the rock dulls the scissors, and the paper covers the
rock. Use the results below to make a frequency table for
the winning players: Player 1, Player 2, or tie.
Definition 2: Probability over a continuous range of events is
cumulative probability.
Social Science Use the frequency table. Find the probability that
an elderly person living alone will have contact with his or her
children more than once a week.
Find P(more than once a week)
Find P(once a week or more)
Definition 3: A probability distribution is a function that
gives the probability of each event in a sample space.
Use a table and a graph to show the probability distribution
for the spinner {red, green, blue, yellow}.
Genetics Use the information in the chart of inherited gene
pairs. Graph the probability distribution for each sample
space.
a. Genotype Distribution
b. Plant Color Distribution
c. Which probability distribution would be more useful to a farmer
who wants to avoid raising white corn plants? Explain.
d. Make a probability distribution table for each sample space.
Name
Take a survey of your classmates’ eye
colors and make a frequency table with
the data.
Isaiah
Ferg
Kaila
Jazmine
Antiyana
Isaac
Xavier
Jordan
Jeremy
Justice
Katie R
Tiana
Juliano
Katie S.
Eye Color
Market Research At a certain store, the number of
customers c who arrive at the checkout counter each
minute varies according to the distribution below. Simulate
the number of customers over a ten-minute period.
Step
1: Define how the simulation will be done. Use
random numbers. Assign numbers from 1 to 100 to
the events, based on the probability of each event.
Use cumulative probabilities to help you assign the
numbers.
Event
Probability
0
0.15
1
0.24
2
0.28
3
0.17
4
0.09
5
0.05
6
0.02
Cumulative
Probability
Assigned
Numbers
Step 2: Conduct the simulation. Model a ten-minute period
by generating ten random numbers from 1 – 100.
Step 3: Interpret the simulation.
o Based on this simulation, a total of ___ customers would arrive at
checkout counters over a ten-minute period.
Use the frequency table. Find the probability that a student
is involved in at least one extra-curricular activity. (write as
fraction, decimal, and percent AND in context in a sentence)