Transcript Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins

Carbohydrates,
Fats, and Proteins
Nutrients that give you energy
Foods Supply Energy
Food Supply Nutrients
 Nutrients: substances that the body
needs to regulate bodily functions,
promote growth, repair body tissue, and
obtain energy
 Nutrition: is the process by which the
body takes in and uses nutrients
Fuel For Your Body
 When your body uses the nutrients in
foods, a series of chemical reactions
occurs inside your cells…. What is this
process called?
 Metabolism: is the chemical process by
which your body breaks down food to
release energy
What are Calories
 Calories: amount of energy released
when nutrients are broken down (unit of
measurement for food)
 For good health, the number of calories
in the food that you eat should match the
caloric needs of your body
 Choose nutrient dense foods over foods
empty calorie foods
What happens to unused
calories?
 They are stored in the body in fat cells
Carbohydrates
 Carbohydrates: supply energy for your body’s
functions
2 types of Carbs
 Simple
Carbohydrates:
(AKA sugar)
 Found in fruits,
vegetables, & milk
 Glucose is the most
important sugars, it
provides energy for
your body’s cells
 Complex
Carbohydrates:
 provide a long lasting
source of energy.
 Found in bread,
pasta, rice, potatoes
Different names for sugar…..
 Glucose: The main source of energy for the
body
 Fructose: A simple sugar found in fruits
 Lactose: The sugar found naturally in milk
 Sucrose: Commonly referred to as table sugar
 High Fructose Corn Syrup (synthetic): A
mixture of glucose and fructose produced from
corn.
The other Carb…
 Fiber – (complex carbohydrate) an essential
component of your diet since it helps keep
nutrients moving properly through out the
digestive tract.
 Fiber has little nutritional value
 Fiber is found in wheat, bran, cereals and
fruits/vegetables
Good Carbs vs. Bad Carbs
 Good Carbs
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Whole grain bread
Brown Rice
Oatmeal
whole-grain cereals
Legumes
Veggies
fruits
"Good" carbs are not
processed and contain a
fair amount fiber
 Bad Carbs
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White bread
White rice
Soda
Snapple
sugary foods like cereal
Bad" carbs are refined or
processed and contain
little to no fiber
FATS
 Fats: supply your body with energy,
form your cells, maintain body
temperature, and protect your nerves
2 Types of Fats
 Unsaturated Fats:
usually liquid at room
temperature
 Saturated Fats:
usually solid at room
temperature
 EX. Vegetable oil,
nuts, and seeds
 EX. Animal fats &
dairy products
Cholesterol & Trans Fat
 Cholesterol: waxy, fatlike substance that is
found only in animal products
 Some cholesterol is good, it helps with cell
membranes, nerve tissue, & aids in digestion
 To much could cause plaque & lead to heart attack
 Trans Fats: added hydrogen to fat molecules
(vegetable oil)
 Trans fat can be found in vegetable shortenings,
some margarines, crackers, cookies, snack
foods, and other foods made with or fried in
partially hydrogenated oils.
Bad Fats…….
 Saturated Fat
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Butter
Ice cream
Cheese
Animal Fat
 Trans Fat
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Cookies
French Fries
Snack foods
Shortening
Doughnuts
Cake
Potato chips
Candy
Good Fat……
 Unsaturated Fat
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Almonds
Walnuts
Peanuts
Olive Oil
Fish
Proteins
 Protein: is important for growth and
repair of your body’s tissues
 EX. Meats, eggs, poultry, milk, nuts, beans,
and lentils
Amino Acids
 Proteins in your body are made up of 20
different amino acids
 Your body supplies 11 of the 20 amino
acids. Your diet has to supply the rest
(which is 9).
 The 9 amino acids that the body cannot
manufacture are called essential amino
acids.