Transcript American Headway 3: Unit 4

3 Unit 4
American Headway 3: Unit 4
Contents
1 A world of difference
7 Passions and fashions
2 The work week
8 No fear!
3 Good times, bad times
9 It depends how you look at it
4 Getting it right
10 All things high tech
5 Our changing world
11 Seeing is believing
6 What matters to me
12 Telling it like it is
American Headway 3: Unit 4
4 Getting it right
Have to
has/have + to + infinitive
You have to wear a helmet when
you ride on a motor scooter.
American Headway 3: Unit 4
Have to
to express
strong obligation
You have to work hard to get good grades.
general obligation - based on a law or rule
In most countries, children have to attend
school until the age of 16.
American Headway 3: Unit 4
have got to
more informal
American Headway 3: Unit 4
have to
have got to
common in spoken English
There are many things that have to be
done every day. We have got to do some
of them in the morning, and some at night.
American Headway 3: Unit 4
Have got to
to express
an obligation now or soon
He’s got to start studying for the exam.
a general repeated obligation
You have got to take out the garbage every day.
American Headway 3: Unit 4
can
could
may
might
will
would
should
must
ought to
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used before other verbs
She can run very fast.
modal
verbs
add meaning: certainty,
possibility, obligation,
ability, permission
can
could
may
might
will
would
should
must
ought to
American Headway 3: Unit 4
The doctor will see you now.
certainty
possibility
obligation
ability
permission
can
could
may
might
will
would
should
must
ought to
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They might go skiing.
certainty
possibility
obligation
ability
permission
can
could
may
might
will
would
should
must
ought to
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You must wash the dishes.
certainty
possibility
obligation
ability
permission
can
could
may
might
will
would
should
must
ought to
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Mary can paint very well.
certainty
possibility
obligation
ability
permission
can
could
may
might
will
would
should
must
ought to
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May I see more paintings?
certainty
possibility
obligation
ability
permission
should & ought to
express
mild obligation
I think you should help me with the laundry.
suggestions
Maybe you should try playing the piano.
advice
They ought to stop wasting so much water.
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have to & must
express
stronger obligation than should/ought to
You have to help me with the laundry.
You must help me with the laundry.
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have to & must
same past form
Present: I have to / must study for six years
to become a doctor.
Past:
I had to study for six years
to become a doctor.
American Headway 3: Unit 4
can
ability
express
main use
Mary can paint very well.
can & be allowed to
permission
express
You can borrow my car. more informal
They can’t come in here. usually spoken
You’re allowed to leave now.
No one is allowed to take photos here.
American Headway 3: Unit 4
Select the
appropriate
correct sentence
modal verb
can
will
A
B
must
should must
You _______ clean up this messy room!
a suggestion
American Headway 3: Unit 4
Select the
appropriate
correct sentence
modal verb
can
will
A
B
should must
must clean up this messy room!
You _______
strong obligation
American Headway 3: Unit 4
Select the
appropriate
correct sentence
modal verb
can
will
A
B
should must
can clean up this messy room!
I _______
ability
American Headway 3: Unit 4
Select the
appropriate
correct sentence
modal verb
can
will
A
B
should must
will clean up this messy room!
I _______
certainty
American Headway 3: Unit 4
have to
shouldn’t
don’t have to go to work.
I had to go.
American Headway 3: Unit 4