Transcript estar

Capítulo 2B
Tu sala de clases
Your classroom
Chapter Objectives:
• Describe a classroom
• Indicate where things are located
• Talk about more than one object or
person
• Understand cultural perspectives on
school
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
(1648-1695)
Juana Inés was born in San Miguel
Nepantla, near Mexico City around
1648, the illegitimate daughter of a
Spanish Captain, Pedro Manuel de
Asbaje, and Isabe Ramirez. Her
father, according to all accounts, was
absent from her life.
• Juana was a devoutly religious child who
hid in the hacienda chapel to read her
grandfather's books from the adjoining
library - something forbidden to girls at
that time.
• She learned how to read and write at the
age of three. By age five, she could do
accounts, and at age eight she composed a
poem on the Eucharist.
• By adolescence, she had mastered Greek
logic, and at age thirteen she was teaching
Latin to young children.
Painting of
Sor Juana
Inés by
Miguel
Cabrera on
oil canvas
circa 1750
"The People
of Mexico,
through the
Sor Juana
Inés de la
Cruz Civil
Association,
dedicates
this statue of
the bright
mystic
Mexican
poet, to the
People of
Madrid“
España
Sor Juana estatua en La República
Dominicana
Sor Juana estatua en Nuevo
León, México
Statue of
Sister
Juana Inez
in
Washington
D.C.
PANAMÁ
HONDURAS
GUATEMALA
LAS
BANDERAS
DE
AMÉRICA
CENTRAL
COSTA RICA
EL SALVADOR
NICARAGUA
la
computadora
– the
computer
El cartel – the poster
El disquete – the
diskette
La
mochila –
the
backpack
La papelera –
the
wastepaper
basket
La pantalla – the
computer screen
El ratón – the mouse
El reloj
– the
clock
El sacapuntas – the pencil
sharpener
El teclado – the keyboard
El escritorio – the
desk
La mesa- the table
La silla – the chair
La
puerta –
the door
las ventanas – the windows
las tijeras - scissors
el globo - globe
la regla - ruler
el mapa – the map
el borrador - eraser
la pizarra – chalkboard
el pizarrón - chalkboard
la tiza - chalk
Frases importantes –
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
¿Qué es esto? – What is this?
¿Cuántos(as) hay? – How many are there?
¿Dónde está(n)? – Where is it/are they?
¿Quién está? – Who is there?
¿Hay? –Is there /Are there?
Hay – There is / There are
¿Qué hay? – What is there/are there?
To indicate location
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•
•
•
•
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•
•
•
Al lado de la/del – next to, beside
Allí – there
Aquí – here
Debajo de la/del – underneath
Delante de la/del – in front of
Detrás de la/del – behind
¿Dónde? – where?
En – in, on
Encima de la/del – on top of
More location words
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
izquierda – left
derecha – right
derecho – straight
enfrente de – in front of
sobre – over, about (sobre can also be an
envelope)
arriba – above (adverb, not preposition)
atrás de – behind
cerca de – near to
lejos de – far from
hacia – towards
To indicate possession
• De – of
– De la – of the – used before a feminine
noun (de la escuela)
– Del – of the – used before a masculine
noun (del Taco)
• Mi – my
• Tu – your
– To identify (description/quantity)
– Es un(a) – It is a … (Es una mochila.)
(Es un reloj.)
To identify gender &
quantity of nouns
• Los/Las – “the”
plural masculine/feminine
e.g. Los lápices están encima de la mesa.
Las pantallas están aprendidos.
• Unos/Unas – “some”
masculine/feminine
e.g. Hay unos lápices en el pupitre.
Hay unas mochilas en la sala de clase.
To be or not to be…
AGAIN?!?!
• Here’s the good
news…you’ve seen
this verb, ESTAR,
before:
• ¿Cómo estás?
• Estoy bien/más o
menos/mal.
• The “bad”
news…when do I
use “ser” and when
do I use “estar”?
• This question has
plagued language
learners since the
dawn of time…
¿Ser o
estar?
The “battle” of the verbs!
SER
• The simplest way to
explain the use of “ser”
is that it is for enduring
characteristics. Things
inherent to the quality
of a person or thing.
ESTAR
• This is used to describe
things that can change
(weather, location,
condition, etc.)
• This can also be about a
state of being - things
that are changeable.
How do I know which one to use?
• Ser is used to classify
and identify lasting
attributes. Use the
acronym DOCTOR:
• Description
• Occupation (like DOCTOR)
• Characteristics
• Time
• Origin
• Relationship
• Estar is used to
indicate changeable
states and locations.
Use the
acronym PLACE:
• Position
• Location (like PLACE)
• Action
• Condition
• Emotion.
OR.... DON’T HELP!
• Ser is used to classify
and identify lasting
attributes. Use the
acronym DON’T:
• DESCRIPTION
• ORIGIN
• NATIONALITY
• TIME
• Estar is used to
indicate changeable
states and locations.
Use the
acronym HELP:
• HEALTH
• EMOTION
• LOCATION
• PRESENT
PROGRESSIVE
Estar – To be
(an irregular -AR verb)
yo estoy - I am
nosotros estamos - we are
tú estás - you are
vosotros estáis – you are
(Usted es = you are formal)
él /ella está - he/she is
(Ustedes están – you are plural)
ellos están - they are
Examples of each type:
• SER –
d.o.c.t.o.r. (description, occupation, characteristics,
time, origin, relationship)
• La casa es muy bonita. (description)
• Sra. Crispin es una maestra. (occupation)
• ¡Los estudiantes de Srta. Bernard son muy
inteligentes! (characteristics)
• Son las dos y media. (2:30) Es la una. (time)
• Soy de los Estados Unidos. (origin)
• Ella es la hermana de mi amigo. (relationship)
Examples of each type:
• ESTAR – p.l.a.c.e. (place, location, action, condition, emotion)
• Mi hermana está sentada. (place)
• La sala de clase de Srta. Bernard está cerca de la
clase de arte. (location)
• Estoy haciendo mi tarea. (action- progressive)
• Él está enfermo. (condition)
• Ellos están contentos. (emotion)
Useful websites
for estar
A lengthy explanation of when to use ser or estar:
http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100040/ser-and-estar
Go to the Quizlet Mrs. Bernard page for estar/preposition quiz:
http://quizlet.com/8463034/2b-15-estarprepositions-flash-cards/
A quiz over ser vs. estar:
http://www.quia.com/quiz/438253.html?AP_rand=2020980171