Transcript El Futuro

Spanish III
Mrs. O. Pacheco
Keep in mind: Active/ Passive Voice
Definition:
• A verb is said to be active voice when it
expresses an action performed by its
subject.
• The coach will instruct the players. (The
subject performs the action.)
• A verb is said to be passive voice when the
action it expresses is performed upon its
subject.
• The players will be instructed by the coach.
(The subject receives the action.)
Passive voice in Spanish
• Passive voice is always made with the following
pattern.
•
•
“Ser” + past participle
“Ser” is the first part of the passive voice structure
followed by a past participle in English.
• The pattern is the same as present passive voice.
The only difference is instead of conjugating ser in
the present tense, it is now in the future tense.
•
Será (“ser” future tense) + past participle (-ado/-ido)
Future passive voice in Spanish
• Unlike the perfect
• Remember regular past
tenses, the past
participles are made by
participle will agree
adding –ado or –ido to
with the subject of the
the stem.
sentence.
• There are the irregulars:
• The book will be
• Abierto / visto / puesto /
written… (El libro será
dicho / cubierto / escrito /
escrito)
vuelto / hecho / muerto /
• The map will be read…
roto
(El mapa será leído)
Do you see the ser and the past participles
“going to happen”?
A. Passive or Active?
1. The album will be received
unfavorably by the fans.
2. The student body elects its
council reps.
3. Angelo’s courageous act
averted a tragedy.
4. A bit part will be played by the
well-known actor.
5. Someone at the airport
recognized the popular actor.
6. That game will be played by
more than one person.
B. Translate & Conjugate the ones
that are passive:
1.
The album will be received
unfavorably by the fans.
a. El álbum será recibida
desfavorablemente por los fans.
4. A bit part will be played by the
well-known actor.
a. Un pequeño papel será
interpretado por el conocido
actor.
6. That game will be played by more
than one person.
a. El juego será jugado por más de
una persona.
You can express the future in Spanish
in five different ways:
1. Using the present tense with a time expression.
a. El tren sale a las dos. / The train departs at 2:00.
2. Using “ir + a + infinitive” for actions that will occur in the near future (Immediate
Future Tense)
a. Este sábado voy a reciclar todas las botellas.
3. To express uncertainty or probability in the present (The Conditional)
a. (I wonder, It’s probable, It must be)
b. ¿Dónde estarán mis zapatos? / Where can my shoes be?
c. Qué hora será? / I wonder what time it is.
4. Using the past participle to state what “will have” happened by a certain time in
the future. (Future Perfect)
a. A las 3:o0 el tren habrá salido. / At 3:00 the train will have left.
5. To tell what "will" happen, or what "shall" happen. (Simple Future)
a. I will go to the beach next month.
I shall write the letter next week.
WARNING!
• The future tense is not used to
express a willingness to do
something. For this, use the
verb "querer."
• ¿Quieres ir a la tienda?
(Will you go to the store?)
¿Cómo se forma?
How to…
In Spanish, many useful expressions are formed
by combining two verbs. When this occurs, the
first verb is conjugated, while the second verb
remains in the infinitive form.
• ir + a + infinitive = to be going to do
something (in the near future)
Remember from the previous lesson how to
conjugate the verb “ir”:
voy
vas
va
vamos
vais
Van
Examples:
Voy a llevar a mi hermana a su casa.
I am going to take my sister to her house.
Vas a invitar a muchas muchachas.
You are going to invite lots of girls.
Here are some useful words and
expressions for pinpointing exactly when
you are going to do something.
Hoy today
Mañana tomorrow
Más tarde later
Esta tarde this afternoon
La semana que viene next week
El mes que viene next month
El año que viene next year
Esta noche tonight
Mañana por la mañana tomorrow
morning
Mañana por la tarde tomorrow afternoon
Mañana por la noche tomorrow night
The Immediate Future Tense
In English: I am going to play
The Immediate Future Tense is formed by using
The verb
ir
voy
vas
va
vamos
vais
van
+
a
+
infinitive
jugar
a
comer
vivir
Therefore
They
We
Ivamos
am
Van
are
are
going
going
agoing
avoy
vivir
comer
toato
to
jugar
play
= eat
=live=
voy
vamos
vas
vais
va
van
You (sg) are going to sell
Vas a vender
He is going to climb
Va a subir
They are going to watch
Van a mirar
I am going to climb
Voy a subir
We are going to sell
Vamos a vender
You (pl) are going to watch
Vais a mirar
Mirar = to watch
Vender = to sell
Subir = to climb
A. Write the necessary word(s) in order to
indicate an action in the near future.
1. Yo como una hamburguesa.
Yo _______ a _________ una hamburguesa mañana.
2. Empezamos.
_______ a _________ esta tarde.
3. Paco regresa a México.
Paco _______ a _________ a México la semana que viene.
4. La familia visita la universidad.
La familia _______ a _________ la universidad hoy.
5. Las vampiresas beben la sangre.
Las vampiresas _______ a _________ la sangre esta noche.
¿Cómo se forma?
The Future Tense
In English:
I will play
I will be playing
The Future Tense is formed by using
infinitive
+
ending
He will
Beberemos
Recibiréis
Hablarán
Recibiré
Hablaré ===
drink =
é
hablar
ás
beber
á
recibir
emos
éis
án
They
You (pl)
will
We
I Iwill
will
Beberá
will
receive
speak
drink
willspeak
receive
What makes the Future Tense easy to use ?
All infinitives use the same endings.
What makes the Future Tense more tricky ?
There are 12 irregular verbs in the Future Tense
¿Cómo se forman?
Irregular Verbs in the Future
Tense:
caber
decir
haber
hacer
poder
poner
querer
saber
salir
tener
valer
venir
to fit
to say / tell
to have*
to do / make
to be able
to put
to want
to know (a fact)
to go out
to have*
to be worth
to come
cabré, cabrás, ….
diré
The endings
are the same
habré
as for the
Tener
means
haré
to own orregular
podré to possess.
verbs, but a
You will use
this stem
future
pondré
verb a lot.
is used
querré
instead of
Haber is an
sabré auxiliary or the
infinitive.
saldré“helping” verb.
You will use
tendréit very rarely.
valdré
vendré
*
Some practice……
caber
decir
haber
hacer
poder
poner
querer
saber
salir
tener
valer
venir
cabré
diré
habré
haré
podré
pondré
querré
sabré
saldré
tendré
valdré
vendré
He will know
sabrá
We will say
diremos
You (sg) will have
tendrás
They will be able
podrán
You (pl) will go out
saldréis
Class Discussion:
Answer in Spanish the following
question statement using the future
tense:
“ I wonder what Nick will do if he wins one
million dollars in the lottery"
¡Practica!
En el futuro, yo pienso que el mundo________ [1] (ser) muy diferente.
Primero, todos nosotros _______ [2] (vivir) por muchos más años, y
muchas enfermedades de hoy en día ya no ______ [3] (existir). También,
pienso que no _______ [4] (haber) televisión. En vez, las personas ______
[5] (recibir) los programas automáticamente en sus cabezas. No sé como...
posiblemente todos (nosotros) _____ [6] (tener) antenas en nuestras
cabezas. También creo que si tú quieres leer un párrafo como éste, no
______ [7] (tener) que leerlo sólo _______ [8] (necesitar) tocar la página
con tus dedos y la información _______ [9] (entrar) automáticamente en
tu cabeza. Tú _______ [10] (saber) todo sólo con tus dedos.
(Subjunctive)
Using the Subjunctive-Conditional
Group Activity using the Conditional:
¿Qué harías para mejorar
Kickapoo?
In groups of 5, select a person of
your group to run for candidate to
become president of Kikapoo. You
all will have to convince the class
to vote for your candidate.
¿Cómo se forma?
The Future Perfect Tense
In ENGLISH the future perfect tense
states what “will have” happened by a
certain time in the future.
You form it by combining “will have” with
a past participle.
At 3:00 the train will have left.
A las 3:o0 el tren habrá salido.
The Future Perfect Tense
 As with the other perfect tenses, the future
perfect is formed by combining the auxiliary
verb "haber" with the past participle. In this
case, "haber" is conjugated in the future
tense.
 habré
habrás
habrá
habremos
habréis
habrán
+
past participle
The Future Perfect Tense
Remember, some past participles are
irregular. Also remember that the past
participle never changes form in the
perfect tenses.
The future perfect is often used with para
or dentro de + a time reference.
The Future Perfect Tense
(yo) Habré escrito el libro antes del año
nuevo.
I will have written the book before the new
year.
(tú) ¿Habrás comprado una casa en un
año?
Will you have bought a house in a year?
The Future Perfect Tense
(él) Habrá pagado todas las deudas para
el dos de octubre.
He will have paid all the debt by October 2.
(nosotros) Habremos vuelto de España
para el doce de junio.
We will have returned from Spain by June
12.
The Future Perfect Tense
(vosotros) Para cuando Juan llegue,
vosotros ya habréis salido.
By the time Juan arrives, you-all will
already have left.
(ellos) Para cuando María vuelva, ellos
ya habrán comido.
By the time Maria returns, they will have
already eaten.
The Future Perfect Tense
(yo) Dentro de tres meses habré
aprendido mucho.
Within three months I will have learned a
lot.
The Future Perfect Tense
Also use the future perfect to speculate
about something that may have
happened in the past.
¿Cómo se habrá roto el brazo Miguel?
How could Miguel have broken his arm?
No sé. Se habrá caído.
I don´t know. He must have fallen.
Practice: Use the future tense to tell what the
following people will do to improve themselves.
1. Esteban __________ el periódico
cada día. (leer)
6. Ud. __________ una reservación
para viajar con ellas. (hacer)
2. Yo les __________ ”Buenos Días” a
cada persona que conozco. (decir)
7. Yo __________ de mi casa a
tiempo. (salir)
3. Nosotros __________ temprano
para nuestras clases. (llegar)
8. Mi abuelo __________ a nuestra
casa cada fin de semana. (venir)
4. Tú __________ más dinero en el
banco. (poner)
9. Tú __________ mejor. (dormir)
5. Ellas __________ de viaje este
verano. (ir)
10. Enriqueta __________ toda la
información para sus exámenes.
(saber)
Activity 1:The Five Year Plan
A five-year plan is a government plan
for economic development over five
years.
• Create a plan of your own.
• Once completed share with the class
what you will have done before those
five years are completed, using the
future perfect.
Activity 2: The (Im)Perfect Date
What would she have to do to be ready for a date with the
man of her dreams?
• Brainstorm all of the things she would need to do to be
ready for her date at 7 pm the following evening.
• Arrange those tasks in a timeline.
• How much time will she need to be ready by?
• Wait! She just got a flat tire and this has caused her to
be late in getting ready for her date.
• She lost 90 min. but her dream date will still arrive at
7pm.
• What will she have done and will have not done by the
time Mr. Right arrives?
Spanish Review: Future Tenses
•What will happen
in the near future.
•[ ir (present) + a +
infinitive]
•What will have happened by a
certain time. To especulate
something that happened in
the past.
•Use future tense of "Haber"
and conjugate second verb to
the past participle (ado/ido)
•What will happen
•add: -ré, rás, rá,
ramos, rán
Immediate
Future
Simple
Future
Future
Perfect
Conditional
•To express
uncertainty/probab
ility.
•add: ía, ías, ía,
íamos, ían