Transcript Slide 1 - WTPS.org

El subjuntivo
Realidades 3- Capítulo 3

El subjuntivo
We use it to say what one
person does or doesn’t
want, tell, suggest, or
recommend someone
else to do.
El subjunctivo
 A sentence that includes the
subjunctive form has two
parts connected by the word
que.
 For example:
 Recomiendo que no saltes de
comida.
Paso a paso
 1. Take the “yo” form of the present tense
indicative
 2. Drop the “o”
 3. Add the opposite ending
 For -ar verbs:
 e, es, e, emos, éis, en
 For -er/-ir verbs:
 a, as, a, amos, áis,
an
El subjuntivo
 Verbs that are often followed by que + the
subjunctive:









Prohibir
Querer (e > ie)
Recomendar (e > ie)
Sugerir (e > ie)
Decir
Insistir en
Necesitar
Permitir
Preferir (e > ie)
2 Clauses
El doctor sugiere que yo coma lentamente.
Independent clause
(stands on its own)
Subject > Verb
Indicative
Verb
Separated by
the word
“que”
Dependent clause (can’t stand
on its own)
Begins with the word “que.”
Subjunctive
Verb
W- Wish/Want
 Verbs that express a desire, including
querer/to want, desear/to desire and
preferir/to prefer, require the
subjunctive mood
 El doctor quiere que sus pacientes
coman una dieta equilibrada para
mantener sus cuerpos.
E- Emotion
 Some verbs expressing emotion
include esperar/to hope, alegrarse/to
become happy and temer/to fear. They
all call for the use of the subjunctive.
 ¡Cuanto me alegro de que mi dieta
esté equilibrada!
D- Doubt
 Use the subjunctive with the verb
dudar/to doubt.
 Dudo que mi hermana vaya a evitar
hábitos alimenticios malos.
D- Denial (Negar)
 Negar/to deny is another verb that will
always require the subjunctive.
 El doctor negó que estés resfriada.
I- Impersonal Expressions
 When you use impersonal expressions
like es necesario/es bueno/es malo,
this is another occasion when you will
need to turn to the subjunctive.
 Es mejor que comas comidas con
calcio y fibre en vez de la comida
basura.
N- Negar
 Although verbs like creer/to believe
and pensar/to think call for the
indicative mood, in their negative
forms, Spanish speakers must switch to
the subjunctive.
 No creo que tengas fiebre.
G- General Expressions
 The expression ojalá que will always
require the subjunctive mood.
Although the phrase is used to convey,
"I hope that . . .", its literal translation
is, "may God grant that . . .”
 Ojalá que descanses un poco.
Irregulars
 The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes
and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú
commands and Ud./Uds. commands.
 DECIR

yo form in present indicative: digØ






diga
digas
diga
digamos
digáis
digan
Try one!
Conocer
El subjuntivo
Also verbs ending in –car,
-gar, and –zar have a
spell change in order to
maintain the original
sound.
El subjuntivo
buscar
busco
busque
pagar
pago
pague
cruzar
cruzo
cruce
Irregulars
 caerse
 decir
 hacer
 poner
 salir
tener
traer
Irregulars
 As in negative commands,
irregular verbs that add a “g”
to the stem in the presenttense yo form also have a “g”
in the present subjunctive.
Irregulars
hacer
hag-o
haga
tener
teng-o
tenga
More irregulars
 There are some common irregular verbs. We can use
DISHES to remember them.
 D-Dar (to give): dé
 I-Ir (to go): vaya
 S-Ser (to be): sea
 H-Haber (to have): haya
 E-Estar (to be): esté
 S-Saber (to know): sepa
¿Preguntas, dudas?