Transcript english ppt - TeacherWeb

DECLARATIVE
SENTENCES
1
A sentence that states a
declaration. It always ends in a
period. If used in a quotation, it will
end in a comma.
Ex : The pool will be closed
today.
Ex: “The pool will be closed
today,” said Billy.
Interrogative
Sentence
2
A sentence that asks a question.
Hint - To interrogate means to “hound” a
person for an answer.
Ex: Did you go to the mall with Buster
yesterday?
Imperative
Sentence
3
A sentence that gives a command
or order.
Ex : Go to your room.
Ex : Take out the trash.
EXCLAMATORY
SENTENCES
4
A sentence that show great emotion. It ends
ALWAYS with an exclamation point.
Ex: This is the best class ever !!!
I love this game!!!!
CONJUNCTION
41
NOUN
5
Definition - Person, place, thing or
idea.
• Ex - car
• White House
• Mr. Bridges
• scissors
COMMON NOUNS
6
A non-specific person, place, thing,
or idea. It is only capitalized at the
beginning of a sentence.
Ex : pencil
cup
city
PROPER NOUNS
7
A specific person, place, thing or
idea.
Ex - United States
Atlanta
Claudia Bridges
SINGULAR NOUNS
8
One person, place, thing or idea.
The boy is the best basketball player on his
team.
PLURAL NOUNS
9
1 or more person, place , thing , or idea.
Ex : This group of girls are the best writers I
have ever had in all my years of teaching.
PLURAL NOUN RULES
10
1. Most singular nouns will end in s when
making them plural.
Ex: cats, horses
1. If a singular noun ends in ch, sh, ss, or x
add es to the noun to make it plural.
EX: churches, wishes, glasses, boxes
1. If a singular noun ends in consonant y,
drop the y and add ies.
Ex: babies, berries, cities.
1. If a singular noun ends in vowel y, add s
to make it plural.
Ex. Monkeys, trays, boys
1. If a singular noun ends in fe or f , drop
the f and add ves.
Ex: lives, knives, calves
1. Some singular nouns have different
versions for plural nouns.
Ex: feet, geese, women.
1. Some singular nouns are spelled the
same even if they are plural.
EX: moose, sheep, deer
DIRECT ADDRESS
11
When talking directly to a person, you must
distinguish the person you are talking to
with a comma.
Ex: Claudia, where is your homework.
Ex: The dishwasher needs to be turned on
now, Grady.
PERSONS OF NOUNS
12
1. The first person refers to the speaker.
EX: We, the audience, must watch and
listen carefully.
2. The second person refers to the one
spoken to.
EX: Children, have you ever seen a play?
3. The third person refers to the one
spoken about.
Ex: The first theatres were built by the
ancient Greeks.
QUOTATIONS
13
First way to show someone is talking.
“ The Michigan Wolverines played on
Saturday,” said Lloyd Carr.
Lloyd Carr said, “ The Michigan Wolverines
played on Saturday.”
SINGULAR POSSESSIVE NOUNS
14
Def- Singular nouns that show ownership.
Add an apostrophe s ‘s to show that the
noun is showing ownership.
EX: pitcher’s ball
cup’s logo
HINT: 99% of the time the next word after a
possessive noun is a noun. Sometimes it
is an adjective.
PLURAL POSSESSIVE NOUNS
15
Def - Plural nouns that show ownership.
Most plural nouns - S apostrophe - s’
Plural nouns that do not end in s - add
apostrophe s - ‘s
Ex : women’s purse men’s bag
feet’s smell
GENRE
16
A type of movie or book based on the
content.
EX: Realistic Fiction, Mystery, Science
Fiction,
SIMILES
17
Def - Comparing two objects with like or as.
Hating people is like burning down your
house to get rid of a rat.
That smells as bad as an open sewer.
COMPLETE
SUBJECT
18
Def - Names someone or something in the
sentence. Usually found before the first
verb of each sentence. All the words in
the subject part of a sentence.
Ex : The potato beetle is a harmful insect.
Ex : Farmers in some areas lose their
crops through insects.
COMPLETE PREDICATE
19
Def - Predicate tells what the subject is or
does. Found after the first verb of each
sentence.
Ex : Bees pollinate farmers’ crops.
Ex: The ladybug eats several kinds of cropdestroying insects.
SIMPLE SUBJECT
20
Def – The main noun in the subject. Does
not include adjectives or prepositional
phrases.
The nice boy looks bored in
class.
EX :
SIMPLE PREDICATE
21
Def - The first verbs in the predicate that
shows the being or action of the subject.
The boy was throwing the rocks
at the window
Ex:
Metaphor
22
Def: Comparing two non related items
without like or as. In most cases it is
positive.
My love is a rose.
Alexa is a bear in tennis.
Her hair is silk.
HYPERBOLE
23
Def: An exaggeration that is so dramatic that no
one would believe the statement is true.
Tall tales are hyperboles.
Example: He was so hungry, he ate that whole
cornfield for lunch, stalks and all.
"I had so much homework, I needed a pickup truck
to carry all my books home!"
Chalker has mosquitoes so big, we dry them out
and use them as footstools!"
My sister uses so much makeup she needs a
sandblaster to get it off at night.
HOMOPHONES
24
Def: Words that sound alike but have
different meanings and spellings.
Too - to - two
Eye – I
Their – There – They’re
Onomatopoeia
25
Def: The use of a word to describe or
imitate a natural sound or the sound
made by an object or an action.
Example: snap crackle pop
Boom, crackle, sizzle, crash, crunch, meow
Suffix
26
An ending to a word that can enhance or
change the meaning of the ROOT word.
Rapid - ly
Meaning - less
rapidly
meaningless
Common suffixes - less, ed, ly, s, able , ful
Prefix
27
An addition to a ROOT word that can
change the meaning of the word or
enhance the meaning of the existing word.
pre - school
mis - information
preschool
misinformation
Common prefixes – dis, mis, un, pre,
Synonyms
28
• Multiple words that have the same
meanings.
EX: Big , huge, gigantic, enormous
Ex : easy, simplistic, simple
Antonyms
29
A word that has the opposite meaning of
another word.
big
small
fast slow
cute ugly
Action Verbs
30
A word that shows action of a noun.
The cat jumped high in the air.
The paper dropped from the second level.
Jennifer picked strawberries with her mom.
Linking Verbs
31
A linking verb shows being. A linking verb
connect the subject with a word or words
in the predicate.
She is a brave woman.
The boy was a good swimmer.
Common linking verbs
are , is , was, were, am
Adjectives
32
A word that describes a noun or pronoun.
Can also be called a MODIFIER.
The gigantic submarine was very quick.
The smart girl learned a lot this year.
Adverbs
33
• Words that describe verbs, adjectives, and
other adverbs.
• Most commonly seen describing verbs.
The ball fell rapidly to the ground.
Catherine wind blew violently last night.
The chairs clanged together loudly.
Articles
34
Articles are special adjectives that describe
one or more of something.
A AN THE are articles
The bear is a cool animal
The basketball player is an important
person.
PRONOUN
36
• A word that takes place of a noun.
• They are very cool.
• He is a very nice young man.
• She is a much taller than him.
SUBJECT PRONOUN
37
• A pronoun that is found in the subject of a
sentence.
• I , you, she, he, we , you , they
• They will visit Mount Rushmore in July.
• It is a huge piece of sculpture.
OBJECT PRONOUN
38
A pronoun found in the predicate of a
sentence.
They went with us to the mall.
She was very nice with her mom.
OBJECT PROUNS
me, him, her, us, them, you, it,
PREPOSITION
39
Preposition
Relates the noun or pronoun that
follows it to another word in the
sentence.
Soon the trees blazed with gold
blazed
gold
COMMON PREPOSITIONS
about
above
across
after
around
at
before
behind
below
beside
by
down
during
for
from
in
inside
near
of
off
on
out
outside
over
through
to
under
up
with
without
PREPOSITIONAL
PHRASE
40
PREPOSITIONAL
PHRASE
Includes the preposition, the objects, and
any words that come between them.
Many poets write about the seasons.
With every passing day nature shows its
beauty.
Parts of Speech
Label nouns, pronouns, verbs, adj, adv, or prep
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
The ancient Celts believed in a sun god.
During the winter the sun god disappeared.
They thought he was a prisoner.
Evil spirits had captured him.
They lit fires to chase the spirits away.
Some ancient peoples were believers in
tree gods.
7. The people got up early on May Day.
CONJUNCTION
41
A word that joins two words or sentences.
Conjuctions
and , but, or
The boys and girls are cool.
The girls are going to the mall, and they will
go swimming later.
COMPOUND SENTENCE
42
• A compound sentence contains two or
more simple sentences joined by a
conjuction.
Cynthia likes camels, but I prefer tigers.
Jackson likes the Ravens, and he has been
to many of their games.