Transcript Verb tenses - WordPress.com

VERB TENSES
SIMPLE PRESENT
Events or situations that exist always, usually,
habitually. They exist now, have existed in the past,
and probably will exist in the future.
 It expresses general statement of fact and timeless
truths.
 It expresses habitual or everyday activities.


It snows in Alaska.
SIMPLE PAST

Things that happened at one particular time in the
past.

Something that began and ended in the past.

It snowed yesterday.
SIMPLE FUTURE

At one particular time I n the future, this will
happen.

It will snow tomorrow.
PROGRESSIVE TENSES

They give the idea that the action is in progress
during a particular time.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
The action is in progress at the present time, and
probably will continue.
 Something generally in progress this week, this
month, this year.


Tom is sleeping right now.
PAST PROGRESSIVE

The action was in progress at a particular time in
the past.

Tom was sleeping when I arrived.
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE

The action will begin before another action, and it
will be in progress at a particular time-

Tom will be sleeping when we arrive.
PERFECT TENSES

They give the idea that one thing happens before
another thing or event.
PRESENT PERFECT
Something that began in the past and continues in
the present.
 I have been here for two hours.

Something that happened in the past without
mentioning when.
 I have gone to Mexico.


Something that has happened several times.

I have seen that movie three times.
PAST PERFECT

An activity that began and was finished before
another activity began in the past.

I had left when he arrived.
FUTURE PERFECT

An activity that will be completely finished before
another time in the future.

Tom will have graduated by the year 2010.
PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES

They give the idea that one event is in progress
immediately before, up to, until another time or
event. The tenses are used to express the duration
of the first event.
PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Event that is in progress

Tom has been studying for two hours.
PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Event was in progress

Tom had been studying for two hours before his
friend came.
FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Event will be in progress before another event in
the future.

Tom will have been studying for two hours by the
time his friend arrives.
SPELLING OF ING AND ED FORMS

1. verbs that end in a consonant and e:

Drop e and add ing.
Hope
 Date
 Injure

hoping
hoped
dating dated
injuring
injured
ONE-SYLLABLE VERBS

1. consonant-vowel-consonant: double consonant
Stop
 Rob
 Beg

stopping
robbing
begging
stopped
robbed
begged
2ND SYLLABLE STRESSED
Begin
 Prefer
 Control

beginning
preferring
controlling
preferred
controlled
VERBS THAT END IN Y

1. consonant-y: add ing, change to ied
Study
 Try
 Reply

studying
trying tried
replying
studied
replied

2. vowel-y: add ing, add ed
Enjoy
enjoying
enjoyed
 Praypraying
prayed

VERBS THAT END IN IE

Die
dying
died

Lie
lying
lied
STATIVE VERBS
They describe states, conditions or situations that
exist. They are not used I n progressive tenses.
 The food tastes good.
 Exception: The chef is tasting the food.

VERBS WITH STATIVE MEANING
Mental state:
 Know
 Realize
 Understand
 Recognize
 Believe
 Feel
 Suppose

need
desire
STATIVE AND PROGRESSIVE
Think
 Imagine
 Doubt
 Remember
 Forget
 Want
 Mean

EMOTIONAL STATE
love like
appreciate
 prefer
hate
dislike
 envy
mind
care
astonish
 amaze
surprise

please
fear
POSSESSION

possess

Exception: have
own
belong
SENSE PERCEPTIONS

Hear
Both:
 taste
 see

smell
feel
OTHER EXISTING STATES
seem
 look like
 exist
 contain
 Both:
 look
 weigh

sound resemble
owe
equal
matter consist of
appear
be
cost
include
AM/IS/ARE BEING+ADJECTIVE

1. be+adjective: expresses stative meaning

Ann is sick
2. sometimes be+an adjective is used in
progressive to describe a temporary, in-progress
behavior
 He is being foolish.

ADJECTIVES THAT CAN BE USED WITH AM/IS/ARE
BEING
bad
careful
cruel
fair
 foolish
funny generous
good
 illogical
impolite
irresponsible
 kind lazy
logical loud
 nice noisy
patient
pleasant
 polite
quiet
responsible rude
 serious
silly
unfair unkind
 unpleasant

ADJECTIVES THAT CANNOT BE USED WITH AM/IS/ARE
BEING
angry
beautiful
handsome
 healthy
hungry
lucky
nervous
 sick tall
thirsty young old

happy
PRONUNCIATION OF ED ENDINGS
1. /t/ for voiceless sounds
 k,p,s,ch,sh,f
 Looked
 Clapped
 Missed
 Watched
 Finished
 Laughed

2. /d/: voiced sounds
 l, v,n,b, all the vowels

Smelled
 Saved
 Cleaned
 Robbed
 Played

3. /ed/
 t or d

Decided
 Needed
 Wanted
 Invited

TROUBLESOME VERBS

transitive

Intransitive

raised raised raised

rise
rose
risen

set
set
set

sit
sat
sat

lay
laid
laid

lie
lay
lain
SENTENCES IS SIMPLE PAST CONTAINING WHEN

If a sentence has when and has the simple past in
both clauses, the action in the when clause
happens first:

Rita stood under a tree when it began to rain.

When he heard the sound, he got up to investigate.
PAST PROGRESSIVE AND SIMPLE PAST

I was walking down the street when it began to rain.

The progressive action happened first.
PROGRESSIVE VERBS WITH ALWAYS TO COMPLAIN

He is always leaving his dirty clothes on the floor.

Expresses annoyance and anger

always, forever, constantly
USE OF AFTER AND BEFORE WITH PAST PERFECT

Past perfect is not necessary
Sam had left before Ann arrived.
 Sam left before Ann arrived.

After the guests had left, I went to bed.
 After the guests left, I when to bed.
