Transcript ii.a) How do we emphasise the Negative Verb?

Emphatic forms = the devices used to
stress certain terms in a sentence &
achieve effects.
There are 3 main categories of
Emphasis & many individual cases.
CASE I: All other terms, and the interrogative verb
CASE II: i) the Positive Verb, ii) the Negative Verb
CASE III: the Place Adverbs/ Adverbials (& certain
onomatopoeic verbs)
a) How do we emphasise all the other
terms in a sentence except the verb?
b) Can we also emphasise the
interrogative verb with this form?
c) What other forms are there that
emphasise various syntactic terms?
d.i) Name some special (emphatic)
adjectives & (some of) their nouns.
Emphatic Adjectives
very
sheer
sole
mere
bare
ultimate
utmost
utter
considerable
substantial
d.ii) Name some special (emphatic)
adverbs & (some of) their adj.’s & verbs.
Emphatic Adverbs
most
absolutely
utterly
merely
solely
e) Are there any other techniques we
can use to add emphasis?
i) How do we emphasise the Positive
Verb?
Only possible in the Present Simple & Past
Simple Tenses as well as in the Positive
Imperative.
ii.a) How do
Negative Verb?
we
emphasise
the
i.e. inversion with negative words/ phrases in
front position.
ii.b) Which are the negative words/
phrases that are ‘fronted’ to emphasise
their verb?
not only…but (also)…
not (even) once…
never (before)…
on no account…
nowhere (else)…
in no way…
no sooner…than…
on no occasion…
neither…nor…
in/under no circumstances…
ii.c) Does this inversion rule apply in
any other cases?
1. Restrictive adverbs: only,
2. Result Clauses: so + adj./
rarely/ seldom, hardly/
scarcely … when, little
adv. (in front pos.) + auxiliary
verb + subject + clause OR
such + auxiliary verb + subject
+ clause
3. Conditional Special Cases & 4. Short Responses: so +
Emphatic Forms: should/ were auxiliary verb + subject OR
(to)/ had
Neither/ Nor + auxiliary verb
+ subject
How do we emphasise the Place/
Motion references in a sentence?
In this case, inversion is not always necessary.
What are the syntactic terms we
normally find this emphatic case with?
1. Place adverbs: here &
there (when the subject is
a noun/ proper name)
2. Prepositions/ adverbs of
motion: up, down, into, etc
3. Place adverbials: at the
top/ bottom, in the
middle, etc
4. Onomatopoeic verbs:
splash, bang, pop, beep,
boom, etc (mainly used
with ‘go’)
The Passive Voice CANNOT be considered
an emphatic form.
Right answer: It CAN because it emphasises
the verb & shifts the focus of the
sentence.
Name two isolated examples
emphatic adj.’s & adv.’s.
of
Name other forms that
considered emphatic cases.
can
be