Transcript DIRECT
REPORTED COMMANDS, REQUESTS AND ORDERS - nepřímé příkazy, žádosti a postupy To report commands, requests and orders we use a special introductory verb (uvozovací slovesa) – e.g. warn, order, ask, request, suggest, advice…. DIRECT: “Brush your teeth before you go to bed,“ said the doctor. INDIRECT: The dentist adviced me to brush my teeth before I go to bed. Autorem materiálu a všech jeho částí, není-li uvedeno jinak, je Mgr. Šárka Sedláčková. Dostupné z Metodického portálu www.rvp.cz ; ISSN 1802-4785, financovaného z ESF a státního rozpočtu ČR. Provozuje Národní ústav pro vzdělávání, školské poradenské zařízení a zařízení pro další vzdělávání pedagogických pracovníků (NÚV). - To report direct commands we usually use the IMPERATIVE (roz. způs.) DIRECT: “Stop talking,“ the teacher said. INDIRECT: The teacher told us to stop talking. - To report negative commands and requests, we usually use not + to - infinitive DIRECT: “Don´t go near the cliff, it´s to dangerous!“ The guide said. INDIRECT: The guide told us not to go near the cliff because it´s to dangerous. Introductory Verb Direct Speech Indirect Speech agree + to infinitive “Yes I´ll type the letter.“ He agreed to type the letter. offer “Shall I make coffee?“ He offered to make a coffee. “Of course I´ll write home every day.“ He promised to write home every day. promise refuse “No, I won´t go to the dentist.“ threaten “Give me all your money or I´ll shoot.“ He refused to go to the dentist. He threatened to shoot if I didn´t give him all money. advise + sb + to - infinitive “You should see a doctor.“ He advised me to see a doctor. ask “Could you do me a favour.“ He asked me to do him a favour. beg “Please, please mummy don´t leave me alone.“ command “Cease fire.“ “ She begged her mother not to leave her alone. He commanded the soldiers to cease fire. invite “Would you like to go to the concert with me?“ She invited me to go to the concert with her. remind “Don´t forget to take your passport.“ He reminded me to take my passport. warn “Don´t touch the exhibits.“ He warned us not to touch the exhobots. Introductory Verbs Direct Speech Indirect Speech “Yes, I lied to you.“ He admitted (to) lying to me. “You broke the vase.“ She accused me of breaking the vase. “I am sorry, I forgot to call you.“ He apologised for forgetting to call me. “I have a terrible headache.“ He complained to me of having a terrible headache. suggest “Let´s go to the beach.“ He suggested going to the beach. deny “I didn´t call the police.“ He denied calling the police. admit + gerund accuse sb of apologise for complain to sb of agree + that clause complain “Yes, it´s a really beautiful painting.“ “You always arrive late.“ He agreed that it was a beautiful painting. He complained that I always arrived late. deny “I didn´t steal the money.“ He denied that he had stolen the money. promise “Of course I´ll come back.“ He promised that he would come back. suggest “You´d better quit smoking.“ He suggested that I (should) quit smoking. - In conversation we use mixture of statements, commands and questions. When we turn them into Reported Speech, we use and, as, adding that, because, but, since, etc…. Words or expressions such as Oh! Oh dear!, Well!, etc. are omitted in Reported Speech DIRECT: “Oh! This is a nice watch,“ he said. “How much does it cost?“ INDIRECT: He said (that) it was a nice watch and he asked how much it cost. “Oh is omitted, “and“ is added.