Transcript Software

Software
CPS120: Introduction
to Computer Science
Lecture 3
Software
 Software helps you accomplish specific tasks
 Manufacturers also may create minor software updates called
patches, to make corrections or improvements to software
 Application software:
– Word processor helps you create professional looking documents
quickly and efficiently
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Documents
Editing
Printing
Formatting
Tables
Images
Mail merge
Spreadsheets
 Perhaps the original ‘killer app’
– Manage finances on your computer
– Manage data in a list
 Funtions
– Formatting
– Editing
– Formatting
– Formulas and calculations
– Charts
Database Programs
 Helps you manage large collections of
information
– Phone directories
– Product listings
– Payroll information
 Features
– Store information
– Find information
– Analyze and print information
Databases
 Organized in:
– Tables
• Collection of information about a specific topic
– Field
• Category of information
– Record
• Single instance of information
Application Suites
 Word processing
 Spreadsheet program
 Presentation program
 Information management program
– Mail, calendars, address book
 Database program
Utility Programs
 Utility: A program that performs a specific task
on your computer
– Norton utilities: recover files
– Virusscan: anti-virus
– Acrobat Reader: View PDF (Portable Document
Format) files
– Winfax pro
– ViaVoice – Speech recognition
– WinZip – Compress and decompress files
Operating Systems
Chapter 6
Operating Systems
 Software that controls the overall activity of the
computer
– Ensure that all of the parts of the computer work
together smoothly
– Functions:
• Control hardware
• Run software
• Manage information
– Programs that run on one operating system platform
do not generally run on others
Types of Operating Systems
 MS-DOS
• Command driven
 Windows
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Windows 3.1
Windows 9X (95, 98)
Windows ME
Windows XP
Windows NT
Windows 2000
• GUI – “Graphical User Interface”
 UNIX
 MAC OS
MS-DOS
 Characterized by the C:\> prompt
 Cursor is the flashing line on the screen
where you type
 File Organization: Root directory is C:\
– Path describes the location of a file
 Files: Name is 8; extension is 3
Windows 3.1
 Not technically an operating system
– Works with MS-DOS
 Program Manager is the control center
 File Manager used to organize files
 Desktop – Background area
Windows 95
 True operating system – eliminated
reliance on DOS
 My Computer lets you browse all folders
and documents
 START button allows you to quickly
access programs and documents
 Windows Explorer: Shows the location of
each folder and document on the computer
Windows -98
 Similar to Windows-95
 More reliable than Windows-95
 Has multiple monitor capability
 Uses FAT32 file system
 Includes Internet functionality
• Explorer
• Outlook Express
• Front Page Express
Windows ME
 Millennium Edition
 Similar to 98
 Added features
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Record videos using Windows Movie Maker
Manage Multimedia Files with Media Player
Restore your computer
Set up a home network
Phone home
Windows XP
 Windows XP, which is available in Home and
Professional editions, was released in October. Windows
XP Professional is intended to replace Windows 2000
Professional. Windows XP Home Edition was designed
as the upgrade for the Windows 95, 98 and Me line.
 Although the two systems run on the same kernel, or
engine that drives the operating system,Windows XP has
many features that are not included in Windows 2000.
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System Restore
Built-in Firewall
Much more graphic
NT look and feel
Multiple users
CD-RW functionality
Windows NT
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Features advanced networking and security
Separates Workstations and Servers
Runs Windows-9X programs
Workstations communicating with NT can run:
– NT
– Linux
– Win 9X
– Mac OS 9
Windows 2000
 Supports larger network
 Server and client re-united
UNIX
 Can run single computer or entire network
 Developed on mainframes in late ’60’s
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SCO
Solaris
Linux
HP-UX
AIX
 Most widely used operating system on Internet
Unix Features
 Harder to install but provides more power
and control
 True multi-tasking OS
 Security
LINUX
 Unix-based system offered as freeware on the
Internet
– Can purchase from Red Hat, Corel or mandrake
 Can be set up with GUI operating system called
GNOME or as a command line system
 Features:
– Software analogous to Windows available
– Accounts for root and personal functions are available
MAC OS
 Version 9
– Advanced sound, video and graphics
– Internet (Sherlock2)
 Version 10
– New GUI
• Includes dock for frequently accessed items
– Graphics: PDF, QuickTime and OpenGL
– Improved operating system Kernel