Transcript A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining Your PC, 5e

A+ Guide to Managing
and Maintaining Your PC
Fifth Edition
Chapter 14
Managing and Troubleshooting
Windows 2000
Understanding the Windows NT/
2000/XP Boot Process
1. BIOS executes POST
2. BIO executes the MBR program
3. MBR program executes OS boot program
4. Boot program executes Ntldr
5. Ntldr changes processor mode and loads a
file system
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Understanding the Windows NT/
2000/XP Boot Process (continued)
6. Ntldr reads boot.ini and loads the boot loader menu
7. Ntldr uses Ntdetect.com to detect hardware
8. Ntldr loads the OS and device drivers
9. Ntldr passes control to Ntoskrnl.exe
10. An operating system other than
Windows NT/2000/XP is chosen
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Customizing the Boot Process
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Boot.ini
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[boot loader]: # of seconds for user making
selection before the default is loaded
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[operating system]: a list of the boot partition
paths to every operating systems
Change boot.ini settings (pp. 652)
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Troubleshooting Tools for Boot
Process
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Advanced Options menu (pp. 654)
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Recovery Console
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Emergency repair disk
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Advanced Options Menu
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Recovery Console
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Use it when OS does not start properly or
hangs during the load
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Allows repair of damaged registry, system
files, or file system on the hard drive
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A command-driven OS that does not use a
GUI;
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Allows access to FAT16, FAT32, and NTFS file
systems
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Hands-on Project: Using
Recovery Console
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Using recovery console (pp. 656 – 658)
Restore the registry (pp. 660)
Installing the Recovery Console (pp. 661)
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Emergency Repair Process:
The Last Resort
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Restores system to state it was in immediately
after the Windows 2000 installation
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All changes since installation are lost
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Uses an Emergency Repair Disk (ERD)
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Contains information about current installation, but
not a copy of the registry
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Points to a folder on the hard drive where the
registry was backed up at installation
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Hands-on Project: Recovery
Disks
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pp. 662 – pp. 663
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Dependency Walker
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lists all files used by an application
Used to trouble-shoot a failed installation
Hands-on (pp. 665)
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Windows File Protection
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Protects system files (.sys, .dll, .ttf, .ocs, or
.exe) from modification
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Two tools
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Background process that notifies WFP when a
protected file is modified
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SFC (System File Checker) (sfc.exe)
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Computer Management Window
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Consolidates several administrative tools used
to (pp. 669):
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Monitor problems with hardware, software,
security
Share folders
View device configurations
Add new device drivers
Start and stop services
Manage server applications
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Disk Management
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Create partitions or convert a basic disk to a
dynamic disk
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Replaces Fdisk in older Windows Oss
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Hands-on: pp. 670
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Microsoft Management
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Console-building utility
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Console: a combination of several administrative
tools into a single window
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Snap-ins: individual tools within the console
Hands-on (pp. 672)
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Event Viewer
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Logs
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Events recorded in logs
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Application log
Security log
System log
Information events
Warning events
Error events
Hands-on: Figure 14-20 & Figure 14-21
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Performance Monitoring and
Optimization
1. Analyze data provided by monitoring tools
such as Task Manager and System Monitor
2. Determine areas in which performance is
below baseline
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Principles for Optimizing
Performance
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If you add RAM, increase size of paging file
Consider upgrading more than one component
Applications are assigned priority level, which
determines position in queue for CPU
resources
In general, upgrading an existing PC is
recommended
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Task Manager
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Allows you to view:
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Applications and processes running on the
computer
Performance information for processor and
memory
Hands-on (pp. 679 - 680)
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System Monitor
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Provides more system performance detail than Task
Manager
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Components
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Objects (hardware or software system components; eg,
Memory, Paging File, Processor, Physical Disk)
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Instances (multiples of objects)
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Counters (show information on specific characteristics of
an object)
Hands-on (pp. 681 - 683)
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Hands-on: Windows Update
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From start-menu or go to
windowsupdate.microsoft.com
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