Transcript 113 Chapter 13 section 3 The Feudal and Manorial

Chapter 13
Section 3
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Knights
Fief
Vassal
Feudal system
fealty
Manorial system
Serfs
Invasions caused
suffering and disorder
 No longer looked to
central authority
 People turned to local
rulers
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911 Rollo and Charles
the Simple faced each
other
 Charles gave Rollo a
large piece of French
territory
 Became Normandy
Rollo pledged no to
attack the king
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850-900 worse years
for invasions
 Feudalism- governing
and landholding
 Zhou Dynasty in China
had feudalism
 Was in Japan from
1192 to 19 century
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Based on right and
obligations
Lord- landowner
Fief a grant of land
Vassal- the person
receiving the fief
Two sided bargain
Worked on who
controlled the land
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Knights- highly trained
fighters
 Defend the nobles land
Fief-land given to a knight
for his service
Vassal-anyone who
excepted a fief
Lord- the person who gave
the land
Feudal system-exchanging
the land for service
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King at the top
Powerful vassals
– Wealthy landowners and
bishops
Knights- mounted
horsemen who
pledged to defend the
lord in exchange for a
fief
• Landless peasantswho worked the fields
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Status determined
prestige
Manor system- set of
rights and obligations
Three groups
 Those who foughtnights and nobles
 Those who prayed-men
and woman of the
church
 Those who worked peasants
Europe Middle Ages
Majority were
peasants
 Serfs
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 Could not leave the
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place they were born
Bound to the land
Not slaves
Could not be bought or
sold
Labor belonged to lord
Fealty- a knights
promise to remain
loyal to his lord
 Manorial system-built
around large estates
called manor
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 Economic system
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Each group followed
rules
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Manor- the lord’s estate
Manor system- basic
economic arrangement
Rights and obligation
between lords and serfs
Lord provided housing,
farmland and protection
Serf maintained the
estate
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Peasants rarely
traveled more than 25
miles
Center of plowed field
could see their world
15-30 families
Manor house, church,
workshops
Streams provide fish
Mills for grain
Manor largely self
sufficient
 Serf’s raised and
produced everything
 Outside purchase was
iron, salt and
millstones
 Crops were wheat,
barley, oats and
vegetables
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Free people also
rented land from a lord
 3 field rotation
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 Leave one field empty
for a year
 Helped to improve the
soil
 Better than two field
system
 Able to plant on 2/3’s of
the land instead of 1/2
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Peasant paid a high
price
Paid a tax on all their
grain ground at lord’s
mill
Baking bread
elsewhere was a crime
Tax on marriage
Weddings needed
lord’s consent
Owed village priest a
tithe- church tax
 One tenth of income
 Serfs lived in crowded
cottages
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 One or two rooms
 One for cooking one for
sleeping
 Warmed house by
bringing pigs inside
Family lay down on a
straw pile full of insects
 Peasant diet
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 Vegetables
 Coarse brown bread
 Grain, cheese, and soup
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Most serfs life was
hard
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Typical day
 Raise livestock
 Taking care of your
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home
Children worked in the
field
Most did not survive to
adulthood
Illness and malnutrition
Life expectancy 35 years