Transcript Lesson 2 - Dkerby Home

Hardware Lesson 2
Computer Components
Power supply (the heart)
• Takes electricity from the wall outlet and
converts it into a current that works for the
computer.
• When your computer is
turned on,
the power supply carries
the
converted electricity to
other
components
inside
the
computer.
Motherboard (the spine)
• Houses all of the other circuit
boards (expansion cards) and the
processor (CPU).
• Every component in the computer
must connect to the motherboard.
• Each model of motherboard
accepts different types of
processors and expansion cards.
CPU or Central Processing Unit
(the brain)
• The CPU controls the hardware and tells the
other parts what to do.
• The type of CPU in a computer also determines
how fast that computer can operate.
• A CPU generates a lot of heat, so there is
usually a small fan nearby to cool it down.
Expansion Cards
• Anything added to a computer.
• Includes sound cards, video cards, network (or
LAN) cards, modems, serial cards and parallel
cards, etc. that attach to the computer.
BIOS or Basic Input Output
System Chip
• Wakes up the computer
when you turn it on and
reminds it what parts it has
and what they do.
• Stores the date and time,
and the basic hardware
settings for the computer.
• Had a battery so the BIOS
is not lost when the
computer is turned off.
Ports
• These are places on the back (or side) of the
computer where you plug in hardware. The
keyboard, mouse, monitor, and printer all plug
into ports.
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PS2 (mouse and keyboard)
Serial (mouse, communications device)
Parallel (printer / scanner)
Video (video cable)
LAN and MODEM (network or phone line)
USB (Universal Serial Bus) (anything)
Looking at Ports
or scanner
For graphics
Storage
• Saved files
• Internal or external
• Include
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Hard disk
Floppy disk
CD or DVD/ROM
USB or Flash sticks
and more
Storage
• Hard disk drive
– Internal or external
– Consists of a set of stacked
"disks," with data recorded
electromagnetically in circles
or "tracks" on the disk.
– A "head" works like a
phonograph arm; it reads and
writes information on the
tracks.
Storage
• Floppy disk drive
– Reads and writes to floppy disks
– Long or short-term file storage
– 1.4 MB of data
– Original disks were 8 inches across.
The next generation
made was 5 ¼ inches,
and now they are 3 ½
inches across.
CD-ROM
• Compact Disc, Read-Only Memory
• Can store text files and audio (or music)
• Max. 650 - 700 MB of data, or 74 - 80 minutes
of music
• Internal or external
DVD-ROM
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Digital Video Disc, Read-Only Memory
Best for Multimedia (movies and games)
Max. 4.7GB to 17GB
Faster than CD-ROM
Flash memory
• EEPROM chips - Electronically Erasable
Programmable Read Only Memory.
• a grid of columns and rows with a cell that
has two transistors at each intersection
• See more at How Stuff Works
Examples of Flash Memory
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Your computer's BIOS chip
CompactFlash (digital cameras)
SmartMedia (digital cameras)
Memory Stick (digital cameras)
PCMCIA Type I and Type II memory cards
(used as solid-state disks in laptops)
• Memory cards for video game consoles
Inside a Mini-Tower
Review Questions
• Finish answering the questions 1-10 on
the review sheet.
• We’ll go over them when everyone is
finished.
Keyboard Navigation
•
Types of Keys
1. Character
– Letters (a, b, c)
– Numbers (1, 2, 3)
– Symbol (?, *, !)
2. Movement
– Pg Up, Pg Dn
– Home, End
– Arrows (up, down, left and right)
3. Function (programmable keys)
– F1 through F12
Keyboard Navigation
Image taken from: www.gwydir.demon.co.uk/giles/winhelp/keyboard.htm
Laptop Keyboard
Hardware Lesson 2
Computer Components