Transcript computer - ccsa121-6

The source:
New perspective
Microsoft®
Office 2013
Chapter 1 :
1.1 Computer Concepts
TA. Alhanof Alolyan
Ann Shaffer
Patrick Carey Kathleen
T. Finnegan Katherine
T. Pinard Roy Ageloff
Lisa Ruffolo
Robin M. Romer
Joseph J. Adamski
June Jamrich Parsons
Dan Oja
What Is a
Computer?
A computer is an electronic device that
accepts information and instructions from a user,
manipulates the information according to the instructions,
displays the information in some way,
and stores the information for retrieval later
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 Desktopcomputers
 Notebook(laptop)computers
 Tablet PCs
 Subnotebookcomputers
Types of
Computers
 Netbooks
 Slate computers
 Handheldcomputers
 Smartphones
 MP3players
 Mainframecomputers
 Supercomputers
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Computer
Include :
 – Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer.
 – Software refers to the intangible components of a computer
system, particularly the programs, or lists of instructions, the
computer needs to perform a specific task.
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 The motherboard is the main
electronic component of the
computer
Hardware
 The microprocessor is one of
the most important pieces of
processing hardware on the
motherboard
 Cards are removable circuit
boards
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 Random access memory (RAM)
 Volatile memory
 SDRAM
 Read-only memory(ROM)
 BIOS
Hardware:
Memory
 Boot process
 Nonvolatile memory
 Cache memory (RAM cache or CPU
cache)
 Virtual memory
Complementary metal oxide
semiconductor memory (CMOS)
 Semipermanent memory
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 Magnetic storage media
 hard disk
 Optical storage device
 – CD
 – DVD
Storage
Media
 – CD-R
 – CD-RW
 – CD-ROM
 – DVD-R
 – DVD+R
 – DVD-RW
 – DVD+RW
 – BD-RE
 Flash memory
 Flash memory cards
 USB flash drive
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Input and
Output
 The data or instructions you type into the computer are called
input
 The result of the computer processing your input is referred to as
output
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 Peripheral devices accomplish input and output functions
 input device : to input data and issue commands
 Keyboard
Input and
Output
Devices
 Ergonomic
 Pointing device
 Controls the pointer
 Mouse
 Scroll wheel
 Trackball
 Touchpad
 Pointing stick
 Touchscreen
 Scanner
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 Output devices: show you the results of processing data
 Monitor
Input and
Output
Devices
 Flat panel
 LCD
 LED
 Printer
 Laser
 Inkjet
 Dot matrix
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Data Bus
 This path between the microprocessor, RAM, and peripherals is
called the data bus
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Computer
Expansion
 Expansion card :
 Controller card
 Network card (NIC)
 You can put it at the Expansion slot
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 Data refers to the words, numbers, figures, sounds, and graphics
that describe people, events, things, and ideas
Software:
 Binary digits (bits)
Data
Representation
 A series of eight bits is called a byte


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Kilobyte (KB or K) = 1024 bytes
Megabyte (MB) = approx. one million bytes
Gigabyte (GB) = approx. one billion bytes
Terabyte (TB) = approx. one trillion bytes
 ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange
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 A computer file is a named collection of stored data
Software:
Computer file
 An executable file contains the instructions that tell a computer
how to perform a specific task
 A data file is created by a user
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Software:
System
software
 System software helps the computer carry out its basic operating
tasks
 Operating system:
 System resource
 Multitasking
 Application Software
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Software:
Application
Software
 Application software enables you to perform specific computer
tasks, such as document production, spreadsheet calculations,
and database management
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 Document production software
 Web site creation and management software
Software:
Application
Software
 Spreadsheet software
 Database management software
 Presentation software
 Photo editing software
 Video editing software
 Multimedia authoring software
 Accounting software
 Information management software
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 A network connects one computer to other computers and
peripheral devices, enabling you to share data and resources with
others
Networks
 Network type:
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LAN
WAN
WLAN
PAN
WiMax
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Telecommunications
 Telecommunications means communicating over a
comparatively long distance using a phone line or some other data
conduit
 Modem: make a conversation of Digital and analog signals
 DSL
 Broadband connections
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 The Internet is the largest network in the world, connecting
millions of people
The Internet
 Internet services:
 Email
 World Wide Web
 A web site contain of Web page
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 Security refers to the steps a computer owner takes to prevent
unauthorized use of or damage to the computer
Computer
Security
 Malware such as Viruses.
 Antivirus software :
 Spyware
 Adware
 Hacking shush as Spoofed site, Phishing and Pharming.
 Such for protect from hacking:
 Firewall
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