Transcript African Kingdoms Powerpoint - Ch. 15

African
Empires –
Chapter 15
North and
Central African
Societies
Hunting/Gathering Societies
• Forest Dwellers
– The Efe
(pronounced ‘AYfay’)
• Ituri Forest in
Congo
• Large group of 10100 extended
family
• Women gather,
men hunt
• Social Structure
– Group Leader –
Elder male
Efe Tribe – Central Africa (exist in
modern day)
Stateless Societies
• No government organizations
• All structure based on families
• Lineage
– Igbo (pronounced ‘IHG-boh’) – West Africa
– Patrilineal
– Matrilineal
• Age-set System
Muslim States
• Islam swept N. Africa in late 600s
• Maghrib
• Almoravid Empire
–
–
–
–
Founded by Abd Allah Ibn Yasin in 11th Century
Western Sahara
Berber Muslims
Began conquests in late 11th Cent.
• Captured Ghana in W. Africa and S. Spain (called Moors)
• Almohads
– Overran Almoravids in mid 1100s
– Founded by Ibn Tumart
– Believed Almoravids swayed from Islamic law and wanted to return to
the Quran
– Marrakech capital (like Almoravids)
– United Maghrib under one rule for first time
Almoravid
1040-1147
Almohad
1121 - 1269
West African
Civilizations
Ghana
•
•
•
•
•
700-1076
Camels revolutionize trade
Soninke people
Gold-salt Trade
Islamic influences
– 11th Century
• 1076 – Conquered by
Almoravids
– Also address of Saint
Ignatius!
Mali
• 1235 – 1400s
• Emerges South of
Ghana
• Gold deposits to East
(near Mali)
• Sundiata (pronounced
‘sunjahtah’)
• Mansa Musa
• Ibn Battu
• Empire crumbles in
1400s
Songhai
•
•
•
•
•
1400s – 1591
Gao becomes Songhai capital
Sunni Ali
Askia Muhammad
Downfall….
– Lack of modern weapons
– 1304 – Arabs develop
gunpowder (Chinese had it in
9th Cent.)
– 1591 – Songhai defeated by
Moroccans
Homework
• Read 12.1 on China and 12.4 on Japan
• Write a 1-2 page paper, comparing China with
African kingdoms with Japan. One section on
the similarities between the civilizations, one
section on the differences. Be sure to include
an introduction and conclusion. Hard copy of
this paper is due on the day we return from
Thanksgiving Break – Monday Dec. 2nd