Transcript The Golden Age of Islam

The Golden Age of Islam
Golden Age - a period of time
when a civilization experiences
rapid advancements in many
aspects of society.
The Dome of the
Rock on the
Temple Mount in
Jerusalem
Directions
Write the heading
and the notes
for each area of
advancement
during the
Golden Age of
Islam.
This is an example of why
following directions is important.
What are some ways that you can improve
your lives?
Society and Economy
Upward Mobility
the ability to
increase your
status in society,
achieved through
religious,
scholarly, or
military
achievement
Society and the Economy
Examples of Upward Mobility
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Many Muslim slaves came from
Africa.
Which other civilizations enslaved
Africans?
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Children of nonMuslim slaves would
be free if their
parents converted to
Islam.
Slave women who
married their owners
would become free.
Slaves had upward
mobility as well.
Society and Economy
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Muslims built
vast trading
networks into
China, India,
East Africa and
Europe.
As Muslim
products spread
through trade
their religion
followed.
Society and Economy
Muslims practiced new ways of doing business such as
partnerships, credit, the formation of banks and
the exchange of currency.
What does it mean to buy something using credit?
Society and the Economy
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Muslims
manufactured steel
swords, leather
goods, cotton textiles,
carpets and rugs.
Muslim farmers grew
sugar cane, dyes,
medicinal herbs,
fruits, vegetables, and
flowers.
Tipu Sultan Sword –
1400’s
Art
The Qur’an did not
allow human images
in religious art. Most
mosques are
decorated with
geometric and
abstract patterns
The Ardabil Mosque in Iran
Art - Arabesque
Arabesque is a type of Muslim art that uses curved lines
that often look like floral patterns. It appeared in rugs,
textiles and glassware.
Art - Calligraphy
Calligraphy, a fancy
style of writing,
was used to
decorate the
Qur’an.
Art - Architecture
Muslim architects adapted Byzantine domes and
built thousands of domed mosques.
Putra Mosque, Putrajaya, Malaysia
Crystal Mosque in Malaysia
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque,
Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque, Bandar
Seri Begawan, Brunei
The Grand Mosque in Abu Dhabi
The Grand Mosque in Abu Dhabi
The Prophet’s Mosque in Medina
ART / ARCHITECTURE
The Dome of the Rock: a paradox
Paradox - A problem without a solution
The Dome of the Rock is a Muslim shrine that
commemorates Muhammad’s ascension into
heaven. It was built during the Golden Age of
Islam and is considered a very sacred place for
Muslims as well as Christians and Jews.
The Dome of the Rock houses an actual
rock. It is believed by Christians and Jews to
be the altar on which God tested Abraham.
Inside
The
Dome
of the
Rock
This is the site
where Jews
built The
Temple (twice)
and both Jews
and Christians
believe that it
is from that
Temple that
the Messiah
will return.
The problem with that is the Dome of the
Rock is standing on the site where many
believe the temple should be rebuilt. Jews
and many Christians believe that the
Messiah will not return until the Temple is
rebuilt.
Discuss with a partner the paradox
surrounding the Dome of the Rock.
Literature - Poetry
Firdawsi wrote the
Shahnamah, or the
Kings Book of
Kings.
It tells the history of
Persia in 60,000
verses.
Persia today is the country of
Iran.
Literature - Poetry
Omar Khayyam wrote The Rubaiyat.
Now the New Year reviving old Desires,
The thoughtful Soul to Solitude retires,
Where the WHITE HAND OF MOSES on the Bough
Puts out, and Jesus from the Ground suspires.
Where in Omar’s poem do we see examples of the term “People
of the Book”?
Literature - Tales
Arab writers collected
works from all
around the empire
and translated
works into Arabic.
The Thousand and
One Nights
Education
Baghdad was one of
the greatest centers
of learning in all the
Muslim world. It
had some of the
largest libraries in
the world which
brought scholars
from Europe and
the Far East.
The Public Library of Hulwan in Baghdad
Education - Mathematics
A picture of Mr. Cerce’s tattoo.
It is the linear equation formula.
Al-Khwarizmi, the
greatest Muslim
Mathematician,
invented Algebra.
Arabic mathematicians
also refined the
number system we
use today and
included zero which
revolutionized math.
Education - Astronomy
Al-Khwarizmi also was
an astronomer who
set up astronomical
tables used for
navigation.
Other Muslim scholars
calculated the
circumference of the
Earth to within a few
thousand feet.
Can you find the Arabian Peninsula?
The Arabian Peninsula
Here it is
Can you find Iran,
which used to be
Persia?
Iran
Here it is
Medicine
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Traditional
Medical
Symbol
North
American
Medical
Symbol
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Physicians and
Pharmacists had to pass
a test before practicing
medicine.
Under the first four
Caliphs, hospitals were
set up by the
government. They had
separate wards for
women and an
emergency room.
Physicians travelled
making house calls.
Medicine – Muhammad al-Razi
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Muhammad al-Razi
was the head
physician at
Baghdad’s main
hospital.
He wrote many
medical books.
“Treat the mind as
well as the body”
A painting of Muhammad al-Razi
Medicine – Muhammad al-Razi
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He was asked to
select a site for a new
hospital in Baghdad.
He hung raw meat
around the city and
observed it.
Where the meat
rotted the slowest is
where he suggested
the hospital be built.
A painting of a hospital during
Muslim rule of Spain
Medicine – Ibn Sina
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A copy of
Ibn Sina’s
famous
work -
Cannon
on
Medicine
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A.K.A. Avicenna, this
Persian doctor began
to practice medicine
before age 16.
He wrote the Cannon
on Medicine, an
encyclopedia on
Greek and Arab
medical knowledge.
The book contained
over 4,000
prescriptions.
Medicine
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Muslim eye surgeons
developed a way to
treat cataracts.
Arab pharmacist were
among the first to mix
sweet-tasting syrups
and gums into
medicine to improve
the taste.
The image above shows an
eye with cataracts. Notice
the “cloudiness” of the eye.
This is what was removed by
Muslim doctors using a
primitive needle.
The Golden Age of Islam
Questions For Review
What is upward mobility?
Questions For Review
Using the image make a connection
between Western and Islamic Civilization.
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Questions For Review
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Of which style of art is this image an
example?
Questions For Review
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What is this building and how does it contribute
to tensions in Israel and the Middle East?
Questions For Review
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What was the country of Iran once called?
Questions For Review
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What is the
name of this
peninsula?
Questions For Review
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What disease is pictured here and how did
Muslim doctors cure it?
Questions For Review
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Define The Golden Age of Muslim Civilization.
THE END