Transcript Memory

“You are what you remember.”
Agree or disagree?
Memory
The persistence of learning over time
through the storage and retrieval of
information.
Issues to consider:
How is it that we remember things? What is the process?
Why do we remember some things and forget others?
Why do we lose information from memory?
The Memory process
• Encoding
• Storage
• Retrieval
Encoding
• The processing of information into the
memory system.
Typing info into a computer
Storage
• The retention of encoded material over
time.
Pressing Ctrl S and
saving the info.
To tuck away how to
pronounce nuclear….
Retrieval
• The process of getting the information out
of memory storage.
Finding your document
and opening it up.
Did you do better on the first or second dwarf memory
exercise? Why do you think that is…?
Recall v. Recognition
• With recall- you must retrieve the
information from your memory (fill-in-the
blank tests).
• With recognition- you must identify the
target from possible targets (multiple-choice
tests).
• Which is easier?
Flashbulb Memory
• A clear moment
of an emotionally
significant
moment or event.
Where were you when?
1. You heard about 9/11
2. You had your first kiss
3. You had your first car
accident
Three Stage Processing Model
(one of two major theories on memory)
• Sensory Memory:
• Short-Term Memory
• Long-Term Memory
Sensory Memory
• The immediate, initial recording of sensory
information in the memory system.
• “Split second holding tank”
• Most stimulus not encoded: Why?
o Selective Attention
• Sensory memory registered as:
Iconic (split second photograph)
Echoic (split second sound(s)
Short-Term Memory
• Memory that holds a few items briefly.
• Seven digits (plus or minus two).
• The info will be stored into long-term or
forgotten.
• If not encoded, lasts 10-30 seconds
How do you store things from short-term to long-term?
Rehearsal
You must repeat things over
and over to put them into
your long-term memory.
Working Memory
(Modern day STM)
•
•
•
STM / AKA Working Memory (more
recent title)Memory that your “currently working on”
Working-Memory has three parts:
1. Acoustic codes
2. Visual codes
3. Semantic codes (sense of meaning of event)
What determines what’s encoded?
Selective attention
Long-Term Memory
• The relatively permanent and limitless
storehouse of the memory system.