Transcript Chapter 7 Review

Chapter 7 Review
• ____________ amnesia is the inability to
form memories for new information while
____________ amnesia is the inability to
recall old memories before an accident, trauma,
etc.
• Anterograde; retrograde
• What are the three categories of long-term
memory?
• Semantic, episodic, procedural
• _________ rehearsal is to simply repeating
information to keep it in working memory while
_______ rehearsal is to actively reviewing info
and making connections.
• Maintenance; elaborative
• What is the capacity and duration of STM and
LTM?
• 20 seconds and 5-9 items; limitless & limitless
• ________ memory is to visual sensory memory
that lasts ¼ of a second, while ______ memory
is auditory memory that lasts 3-4 seconds.
• Iconic; echoic
• Please give an example of a flashbulb memory.
• JFK assassination, 9/11, etc…
• _________ memory is to memories that you
did not deliberately learn, while ________
memory is to memories that have purposely
been learned and recalled.
• Implicit; explicit
• _______ is when you must reproduce
previously learned material while _______ is
when you must identify present stimuli that have
already been presented.
• Recall, recognition
• Information that is more thoroughly connected
to meaningful items in LTM will be remembered
better.
• Levels-of-processing theory
• Hermann Ebbinghaus found that the amount of
forgetting information just learned drops
dramatically at first and then becomes stable.
This is called…
• The forgetting curve
• ________ interference is the blocking of old
information by new, while ______ interference
is the blocking of new information by old.
• Retroactive; proactive
• According to the serial position effect, you will
have the most trouble recalling information in
the _____ of a list.
• Middle
• You were a witness to a crime. The police officer
asked how tall the man was that robbed the
store. You answer 6 feet tall and then describe
the man that way when telling the story later. In
reality, the robber was a woman. What just
happened?
• Misinformation effect or expectancy bias
• Who is the psychologist that believed we are
born with a language acquisition device that
helps facilitate the rapid learning of language?
• Noam Chomsky
• The smallest meaningful units of language are
_______ and the smallest units of sound in
language are _______.
• Morphemes; phonemes
• “After we saw the gooses at the zoo, Timmy got
in a fight with Jimmy and hitted him.” What is
this?
• Overregularization
• _____ concepts are mental representations of
objects and events based on direct experiences
while _______ concepts are based on
definitions, rules, and formulas.
• Natural; artificial
• When solving an algebra problem with a
formula, I am using a(n) ____________. If I
am trying to figure out who to marry, I will most
likely use a(n) ___________ instead.
• Algorithm; heuristic
• My dad didn’t need a coffee filter when he
couldn’t find one in my kitchen. He used a
paper towel instead. He was NOT experiencing
_________.
• Functional fixedness
• The _______ bias causes us to ignore or find
fault with information that we don’t agree with,
while the _______ bias causes us to think that
we could have known the outcome of an event in
advance.
• Confirmation; hindsight