Transcript Looping Test #2 Review PowerPoint

Looping Exam #2
(Minerals, Rocks, & Plate Tectonics )
Trivia
How well do you know your stuff?
What is the dark colored
rock that makes up
much of the ocean
floor?
Basalt
What is the cycle that
slowly moves the soft
rock in the mantle,
transferring heat, and
moving the plates
around on Earth?
Convection Currents
The layer of Earth that is
described as a solid,
dense, metal ball is the
_______.
Inner Core
_______ is the stress
that pushes rock in 2
opposite directions.
Shearing
What type of
geologic
event can
occur at the
San Andreas
Fault in
California?
Earthquakes
Two continental plates that crunch
or smash together slowly can
produce ___.
Mountains
Which layer of Earth is
made of liquid nickel &
iron and moves to create
Earth’s magnetic field?
Outer Core
Wegener’s hypothesis of
___________
states that the continents
were once joined
together.
Continental Drift
What is the type of heat
transfer where a metal
spoon heats up if its left
in a hot pot of soup?
Conduction
The single landmass that
broke apart millions of
years ago is called
________.
Pangaea
A mid-ocean ridge forms where
two plates pull apart. The stress
that pulls on the crust where
two plates are moving apart is
called _____.
Tension
The heat you feel when you stand
in front of a fire is an example of
which form of heat transfer?
(Hint: Energy transfer through space in the form
of rays or waves)
Radiation
____ are waves of energy
that move through Earth
generated by earthquakes.
Geologists use these to
study about Earth’s interior.
Seismic Waves
A____ fault describes the
way rock breaks at
transform boundaries.
This break results from
the stress of shearing.
Strike-Slip
Multiple Choice:
The ____ heats the mantle
and makes the convection
currents move.
A. sun
B. core
C. geothermal activity
The CORE!
What kind of fault results
from converging plates?
Reverse
What are 3 geologic
events/formation that
happen on Earth due to
plate tectonics?
Earthquakes,
Volcanoes,
Mountain Building, Rift
valleys, Sea-floor
spreading…
Name and describe the process
that is happening at letter Z.
Subduction
As plates come together at a convergent
boundary, the denser oceanic plate sinks
under (sub=under) the less dense plate.
• Earthquakes may happen when rock breaks
along cracks in Earth’s crust. These cracks in
the crust are called ______.
• A. Ridges
• B. Continents
• C. Faults
• D. Tunnels
• C. Faults
• The point on Earth’s surface where the
earthquake is the strongest and most
damaging is called the ______.
A. Center
B. Breaking point
C. Trigger
D. Epicenter
• Epicenter
• The earthquake in Japan was reported as a
9.0 on the Richter Scale. What does this tell
us about the earthquake?
A.
B.
C.
D.
How long the quake lasted
The time of day the quake began
The size/magnitude of the quake
How much it will cost for repairs
• C. The size/magnitude of the quake
A string of islands that forms where two
convergent plate boundaries collide is
called _____. The Aleutian, the Caribbean,
and Japan are all examples of this type of
geologic formation.
•
•
•
•
A.
B.
C.
D.
A Mountain Range
An Island Arc
A Trench
A Subduction Zone
• B. An Island Arc
• The area under Earth’s surface where rock is
stressed until it breaks and starts an
earthquake is called the _____________.
•
•
•
•
A.
B.
C.
D.
Focus
Core
Rock Fall
Mantle
• A. Focus
When the earthquake off the coast of Sumatra
occurred, damage was reported by people who
survived the earthquake. These reports were
used to determine the level of damage in the
area on a scale using Roman Numerals. What is
the name of the scale?
•
•
•
•
A. Richter Scale
B. Geiger Scale
C. Earthquake Scale
D. Mercalli Scale
• D. Mercalli Scale
• A tall cone-shaped mountain with explosive
eruptions is a ________ volcano. Mount St.
Helens, Mount Vesuvius, and Mount Fuji are
all examples of this type of geologic
formation.
•
•
•
•
A. Composite
B. Cinder cone
C. Shield
D. Lava dome
• A. Composite
Hot Springs and Geysers are two examples of____ .
These may be found where there is evidence of
past or present volcanic activity.
•
•
•
•
A. Areas of Geothermal Activity
B. Areas where old people live
C. Areas where the ground is cooler
D. Areas of muddy water
• A. Areas of Geothermal Activity
In Hawaii there are several wide, gently sloping
volcanic mountains. These are examples of a
___________ volcano.
•
•
•
•
A. Composite
B. Cinder cone
C. Shield
D. Lava dome
• C. Shield
• How are igneous rocks formed?
• By the cooling and crystallization of magma
or lava
• How are metamorphic rocks formed?
• By being exposed to extreme heat and
pressure without melting
• How are sedimentary rocks formed?
• Mainly by the compaction and cementation
of sediments
• Why are minerals considered the “building
blocks” of rocks?
• Minerals come together to form rocks.
• True or False?
As you go deeper into Earth both temperature
and pressure increases.
• True
• Plants, animals, and people are living things.
____ is another word used to describe
materials that were once part of one of these
types of living things.
• Organic
• The correct order of the
Earth’s layers starting from
the OUTSIDE going in is…
• Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
• James was explaining to another
student that minerals are made by
the earth, have nothing in them that
was ever alive and have a special
composition and structure. He then
said that the exact definition of a
mineral is
A Mineral is…
•
•
•
•
a naturally occurring,
inorganic solid,
with a definite chemical composition,
and a crystalline structure
• In science, many things are
classified (put into groups) for
various reasons. In Earth
Science, rocks are classified by
• By how they are formed
• If a sedimentary rock was exposed
to extreme heat and pressure to the
point that it melted back into
magma, using what you know about
the rock cycle, what classification of
rock would it become next?
• Igneous rocks
• A cone-shaped mountain that erupts ash,
cinders, & bombs is a _____________
volcano. Wizard Island, Paricutin, and Sunset
Crater are all examples of this type of
geologic formation.
•
•
•
•
A. Composite
B. Cinder cone
C. Shield
D. Lava dome
• B. Cinder cone
• An area around the Pacific Ocean where
there is a major belt of active volcanoes is
known as ________.
•
•
•
•
A. the Hawaiian islands
B. the Philippine islands
C. the Ring of Fire
D. the Aleutian islands
• C. the Ring of Fire
• Underwater earthquakes, explosive volcanic
eruptions, and/ or large underwater rock
movement can trigger huge ocean waves that
may cause extreme flood damage to an area.
These huge ocean waves are called
____________________.
A. tsunamis
B. tidal waves
C. breaker waves
D. seismic waves
A. tsunamis
On the Hawaiian Islands several volcanoes
continuously erupt lava that is low in
viscosity with low silica content. This type of
eruption is an example of a(n)
__________eruption.
A.
B.
C.
D.
quiet
vent
explosive
lava fountain
A. quiet
• If you were in a tall office building during an
earthquake, which type of seismic wave
would be responsible for the violent shaking
you feel?
A.
B.
C.
D.
S waves
Surface waves
Sonar waves
P waves
• Surface waves
In 1980 Mount St. Helens erupted for the first
time in 120 years. Its magma was high in
viscosity with high silica content. This type of
eruption is an example of a(n) _________
eruption.
A.
B.
C.
D.
quiet
vent
explosive
lava fountain
• C. explosive
• Which of the following would be the best
model of an erupting volcano?
A. Clay hardens when it is baked in an oven.
B. A car goes faster when the accelerator is
pushed.
C. Water in a pot gets hotter when the pot is
heated on a stove.
D. Carbon dioxide dissolved in soda pop rushes
out when the pop is opened.
• D. Carbon dioxide dissolved in soda pop
rushes out when the pop is opened.