Transcript Layers of the Earth - Atlanta Public Schools

Earth’s Interior
Layers of the Earth
How much do you know about
your planet?
Text Book page numbers 80 - 87
True or False
The Earth is made up of 3 layers.
Answer: False 4 Layers
The Crust is the thickest layer.
Answer: False Mantle
The Inner Core is solid.
Answer: True
The Mantle has liquid rock.
Answer: True (so does the Outer Core)
Is Earth’s surface constantly
changing?
Yes.
Example : Mount Kilauea in
Hawaii - an active volcano
•
http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/discovery-presents/videos/understanding-volcanoeskilauea-a-volcano-lab/
Crust
• The layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer surface.
• The crust is up to 32 Kilometers (20 miles - here to Stone
Mountain) thick.
• The crust is made up of the continents and the ocean floor.
• The crust is thickest under high mountains and thinnest
beneath the ocean.
• The continental crust consists of rocks such as granite,
sandstone, and marble. The oceanic crust consists of
basalt.
• 0 degrees Fahrenheit to 1590 degrees Fahrenheit
• The crust’s density and temperature increase with it’s
depth.
Oceanic Crust
Continental
Crust
Lithosphere
•A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of
the mantle and the crust.
•There are two kinds of crust: continental and
oceanic. Yes, there is even crust under the
ocean!
•The lithosphere (geosphere) is the "solid" part
of Earth
•It has two parts, the crust and the upper
mantle.
Mantle
• The layer of hot, solid material between Earth’s
crust and core.
• The mantle is the layer under the crust.
• It is up to 2,897 kilometers(1,800 miles -from here
to Arizona) thick.
• The mantle is made up of rocks such as silicon,
aluminum, iron, and magnesium.
• Top layer - hot solid rock 1590 degrees Fahrenheit
• Bottom layer - hot liquid rock 3992 degrees
Fahrenheit
• The Mantle’s density and temperature increase
with it’s depth.
Asthenosphere
• Asthenes (GREEK) means weak
• The plastic like layer below the
lithosphere is the asthenosphere
• This is the soft layer of the mantle
on which the lithosphere floats
Outer Core
• The outer core is 2253 kilometers (1,400
miles - here to New Mexico) thick.
• The temperature ranges from 2204 –
4982 degrees Celsius (4000 – 9000
degrees Fahrenheit)
• Made up of the hot liquid metals iron
and nickel.
Inner Core
• The very center of the earth
• 800 miles thick – From here to Dallas, TX
• Made of the metals iron and nickel
• The inner core is very hot, about 4982
degrees celsius (9000 degrees fahrenheit)
• The inner core is solid. It is under so much
pressure from the layers above that the metal
cannot spread out and become liquid.