Transcript 02_Clicker_Questions

Chapter 2
Essential Chemistry for Biology
Clicker Questions for use with Classroom Response Systems
Campbell Essential Biology, Fourth Edition
– Simon, Reece, and Dickey
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, Third Edition
– Simon, Reece, and Dickey
Questions prepared by Brad Williamson, updated by Mike Tveten
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Concept Check
The reactive properties (chemical behavior) of an
atom mostly depend on the number of
a. electrons in each electron shell of the atom.
b. neutrons found in the nucleus.
c. filled electron shells.
d. electrons in the outer electron shell of the atom.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Concept Check
Water molecules form hydrogen
bonds because
a. the water molecule is polar.
b. the oxygen molecule is
positively charged.
c. the water molecule
forms a tetrahedron.
d. the hydrogen atoms
are negatively charged.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Interpreting Data
This is the general equation for photosynthesis—the
process of capturing sunlight energy and converting
it to chemical energy. Which of the following are the
reactants of this reaction?
a. C6H12O6 and O2
b. CO2 and H2O
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Interpreting Data
Earth’s oceans are immense. Small floating plants called
phytoplankton contribute to ocean productivity. As ocean
productivity (the rate of photosynthesis) goes up, what would
you predict would happen to global carbon dioxide levels?
a. CO2 levels should also go up.
b. CO2 levels should go down.
c. CO2 levels should remain constant.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Interpreting Data
The world’s oceans throughout the
tropics are not very productive.
(These oceans do not capture
much sunlight through the process
of photosynthesis.) On the other
hand, some of the most productive
oceans are the Arctic and Antarctic.
What might be limiting production
in the tropical oceans?
a. low temperature
b. low sunlight
c. low nutrients
d. high nutrients
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Interpreting Data
– Iron is the fourth most common element (by
weight) in the Earth’s crust.
– Iron is an essential trace element for all
living organisms.
– Ocean waters, particularly the Southern
Ocean, have very minute amounts of iron.
– The iron hypothesis states that iron
availability limits ocean productivity.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Interpreting Data
These are the results of
a laboratory experiment
to test the effect of trace
nutrients on the
productivity of Pacific
Ocean water. After six
days, which nutrient had
the greatest effect on
productivity?
a. iron
b. manganese
c. copper
d. zinc
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Adapted from Coale, Kenneth H. 1991. Effects of Iron,
Manganese, Copper and Zinc Enrichments on Productivity and
Biomass in the Subarctic Pacific. Limnology and Oceanography.
36: 1851-1864
Interpreting Data
Some have suggested that fertilizing the oceans
with iron might be a possible solution to the
increasing carbon dioxide levels in the
atmosphere. Iron’s function as a trace nutrient in
phytoplankton and its potential effect on the
atmosphere and global climate is a good
example of what?
a. the stability of atoms
b. the unity of life on Earth
c. emergent properties
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Biology and Society
Carbon dioxide contributes to global warming as a greenhouse
gas. Some have suggested that fertilizing the oceans with iron
might be a possible solution to the increasing carbon dioxide levels
in the atmosphere. Large-scale experiments have been done and
the results indicate that there is at least a short-term increase in
productivity and a decrease of carbon dioxide immediately in the
area of iron fertilization.
Do you think we should pursue this line of research with more
large-scale experiments to introduce iron to ocean systems?
Strongly
Agree
A.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Strongly
Disagree
Biology and Society
Too little iodine in the diet can
lead to goiter, the condition
afflicting this person. Goiter
is not common in developing
countries because iodine is
added to salt and other foods.
Do you think that adding trace elements to food items is
good public policy?
Strongly
Agree
A.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Strongly
Disagree
Biology and Society
One of the authors of your text once overheard the
following:
“It’s paranoid and ignorant to worry about industry or
agriculture contaminating the environment with their
chemical wastes. After all, this stuff is just made of the
same atoms that were already present in our environment
anyway.”
What do you think of this statement?
Strongly
Agree
A.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Strongly
Disagree