Transcript Earth Forces - Jordanhill School

Earth Forces
Volcanoes:
Lesson 1
What are Volcanoes?
Learning Outcomes: By the end of this
section you will be able to:
1.Say what a volcano is and label a diagram of
a volcano highlighting the main features.
2.Describe what happens when a volcano erupts.
3.Describe the difference between active,
dormant extinct.
Memory Game
 Working in groups you will each take
turns to come up and look at a picture.
 After looking at the picture for 20
seconds you will have 1 minute to go
back and draw as much of it as you can.
 You must not draw when it is not your
turn, if you do a penalty will be
enforced!
Task: Use the information on page 78 of
the S1/S2 Geography book to complete
the diagram of the Volcano.
Types of Volcanoes
http://www.geographysite.co.uk/pages/physical/earth/volcano
es/comp.html
Now stick the Volcano diagram into your jotter. Put the following
labels on your diagram – crater, lava, volcanic bombs, main vent,
secondary vent, magma chamber, steam, gas and dust, layers of
ash and lava. Use the diagram on page 78 in the S1/S2 Geog books
to help you.
What Happens when a volcano erupts?
1. Ash and bombs fall on the surrounding
area.
2. Magma erupts out of the volcano.
3. Lava flows down the mountainside.
4. Pressure builds up in the magma
chamber.
5. Gas and steam escape into the
atmosphere.
6. Magma forces its way up the vent.
What Happens when a volcano erupts?
1. Pressure builds up in the magma
chamber.
2. Magma forces its way up the vent.
3. Magma erupts out of the volcano.
4. Lava flows down the mountainside.
5. Ash and bombs fall on the surrounding
area.
6. Gas and steam escape into the
atmosphere.
Active, Dormant and Extinct
 Active:

An active volcano is a volcano that has erupted
recently or is likely to erupt soon.
 Dormant:

A dormant volcano is a volcano that has not erupted
in many years but could erupt again.
 Extinct:

An extinct volcano is a volcano that has not erupted
in over 10,000 years and will not erupt again.
5W’s
 At your tables you are to become journalists
who are flying towards a news story.
 All you have been given is one picture and you
must decide what questions you are going to ask
when you get there.
 They must be the 5W’s:
 Who?




What?
Why?
When?
Where?
Example:
Who took the
picture that I have
been given?
They must be the
5W’s:
Who?
What?
Why?
When?
Where?
5 W’s part 2
In your groups you must discuss:
Your questions. Pick the 5 best
questions from your group.
What makes a good question?
Why is it important to be able to ask
good questions?
Case Studies:
Mt St. Helens
The Icelandic Volcano
(See separate PowerPoint)
Where in the world?
http://www.absorblearning.com/media/i
tem.action?quick=12o
Extension task.
Where are volcanoes found?
This map shows where the main volcanic areas
in the world are.
Most of the worlds volcanoes are located

There is a line of
volcanoes in East
Africa. This is called
the African Rift
around the edges of the Pacific Ocean.
This is called the Pacific Ring of Fire
Valley
There is a line of volcanoes right up the
middle of the Atlantic Ocean. This is
called the Mid Atlantic Ridge.
The Ring of Fire.
Ring of Fire
• This picture shows
the ring of fire.
• It is the boundary
between the North
American, Cocas,
Nazca, Pacific,
Philippine and
Australian tectonic
plates.
• 83% of volcanoes and
earthquakes and 91%
of serious and
devastating volcanoes
and earthquakes
occur in the ring of
fire.
Where are volcanoes found?
This map shows where the main volcanic areas
in the world are.
Most of the worlds volcanoes are located

There is a line of
volcanoes in East
Africa. This is called
the African Rift
around the edges of the Pacific Ocean.
This is called the Pacific Ring of Fire
Valley
There is a line of volcanoes right up the
middle of the Atlantic Ocean. This is
called the Mid Atlantic Ridge.
Where are volcanoes found? - Activities
Stick the map
showing the main
Tectonic Plates in
your jotter then
complete the
following tasks.
1. Highlight where
you will find the
Pacific Ring of
Fire, the Mid
Atlantic Ridge and
the East African
Rift Valley.
2. Label these
areas A, B, C.
3. Neatly fill in the
key below the
map.