Transcript kwl chart - cloudfront.net

•Core- center of the earth, made up of
iron and nickel
Outer core is liquid and inner core
is solid
•Mantle- several layers, contains most
of the earth’s mass,
•Magma- molten rock, forms in the
mantle
•Crust- thin layer of rock at the earth’s
surface, 19-37 miles thick
• Earth is made up
of 4 spheres:
•
•
•
•
Lithosphere
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
• The layer of gases
surrounding Earth
• Oxygen we breathe
• Protects the Earth
• Medium for weather
and climate
• Solid rock portion
of Earth
• Crust and Upper
Mantle
• Forms the seafloor
• 30-90 miles thick
• Water elements
of Earth
• Ocean, seas,
rivers, lakes, and
water in the
atmosphere
• Part of Earth
where plants
and animals live
• Made up of
Lithosphere,
Atmosphere,
and
Hydrosphere
Plate tectonics- enormous moving
pieces of the earth’s lithosphere
•Rock in the asthenosphere (upper
portion of the mantle) is heated and
rises toward the lithosphere, cools and
circulates downward
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ryrXAGY1dmE&feature=related
Divergent- plates move apart, spreading horizontally
oEx. Saudi Arabia and Egypt (make the Red Sea
even wider)
Divergence – Moving Apart
Rift Valley –
if the land is
above water
Sea Floor
Spreading –
when the land is
below water
Great Rift
Valley in
Africa
(spreading
apart)
www.aucegypt.edu/faculty/ hamroush/images/Geol...
Convergent- plates collide, causing either one plate
to dive under the other or the edges of both plates to
crumble
oEx. plate in which India is located is crashing
against the Asia plate causing the Himalayas
Subduction- the heavier plate will sink and the lighter
will rise to the surface
Convergence – Moving Together
Trenches
Mountains
Structural
Mountains
Volcanic
Mountains
Andes Mountains
redtailcanyon.com/items/6503.aspx
Transform- plates slide past one another
oEx. San Andreas fault in CA
If the rock isn’t flexible, it will cause a fault
San
Andreas
Fault in
California
geography.sierra.cc.ca.us/ booth/California/1_...
•65 million years ago, Pangaea split apart
•Because the sea floor was expanding
(newer fossils were found in the middle of
the ocean