Transcript Volcanoes - Montville.net

VOLCANOES
MS. SCERRA
WORD ORIGIN
 Romans believed in Vulcan, their god of fire.
 They thought that Vulcan worked at a hot forge, striking sparks as he made swords and armor for
the other gods.
 Hawaiians told legends of the wanderings of Pele, their goddess of fire.
 Pele was chased from her homes by her sister Namaka, goddess of the sea. Pele moved constantly
from one Hawaiian island to another, until she settled in the mountain Kilauea.
 Kilauea is on the big island of Hawaii and is still active. The islanders believe it is the god Pele.
VOLCANIC DEFINITIONS
 Magma – melted or molten rock beneath the surface
of the earth.
 Lava – when magma pours forth on the surface of
the earth.
 Volcanic eruption – when magma pushes its way up
through cracks, holes, or tubes.
A VOLCANO CAN BE 2 THINGS:
 A hole in the ground that lava comes
through.
 A hill or mountain formed by lava.
 Mount Rainier – in the state of Washington
is a volcano. Has not erupted since 1882.
 Mount St. Helens – On March 27, 1980 it
started to spout ashes and steam and
continued to bring earthquakes each day.
 Until Mid-May the mountain began to swell up
and crack.
SUNDAY, MAY 18 AT 8:32AM THE MOUNTAIN ERUPTED WITH AN
INCREDIBLE FORCE!!!
 The energy released in the eruption
was equal to ten million tons of
dynamite!!
 60 people lost their lives as hot gases,
rocks, and ashes covered an area of
230 square miles.
 Hundreds of houses and cabins were
destroyed.
 Miles of highways, roads, and railways
were damaged.
 Entire forests were blown down like
rows of matchsticks.
ICELAND IS A VOLCANIC ISLAND IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC
 It was formed along the mid-Atlanic Ridge because
as magma rose up, it built up and formed an island.
 Iceland has over 30 active volcanoes.
 The most recent to erupt in 2010, causing flight
cancellations for 6 days from the ash.
MOST VOLCANOES AND EARTHQUAKES ARE ALONG THE EDGES OF
THE LARGE PACIFIC PLATE “THE RING OF FIRE”
 Few of the volcanoes are
on the edge of the plate.
 The only island state of
the US is located in the
middle of the plate, Hawaii
is made from a hot spot.
HOT SPOTS
 Develop over a mantle plume and as the
plates move over and magma builds up,
volcanic islands are created.
 http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_s
cience/terc/content/visualizations/es0904/
es0904page01.cfm
HAWAIAN ERUPTIONS ARE GENTLE AND CREATE 2 KINDS OF
FLOWS
AA – thick, slow moving that hardens into
rough tangle of sharp rocks.
Pahoehoe – thin, hot quick-moving lava
that forms smooth, billowy surface.
SHIELD VOLCANOES
 Shaped like an ancient warrior’s shield.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VfsKoH-ScA
 Volcanoes with broad, gentle slopes and built by the
eruption of fluid basalt lava.
 The largest volcanoes on Earth!
Mauna Loa
Kilauea
CINDER CONE VOLCANOES
 The simplest type of volcano.
 They erupt explosively, blowing out burning ashes
and cinders. The ashes and cinders build up to form
the cone shape.
 Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the
summit and rarely rise more than a thousand feet or
so above their surroundings.
 Ex: Paracutin in Mexico and Cerro Negro in
Nicaragua
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aS_xl3nu_mY
COMPOSITE VOLCANOES
 Symmetrical cones of large dimension built of
alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders,
blocks, and bombs.
 They may rise as much as 8,000 feet above their
bases.
 Some of the most conspicuous and beautiful
mountains in the world
 Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Shasta in California,
Mount Hood in Oregon, and Mount St. Helens and
Mount Rainier in Washington
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
H_HZVY1tT4&list=TLqcxkD47YpzhA6te8fFiSLMSaz
YpRW0Np
REALLY COOL VIDEO!!!
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DceHEBGVfj4
 Try to list all 10

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4aYQixhdWY4