Transcript lsipenicillin[1]

PENICILLIN
Faculty of chemistry, VUT Brno
Markéta Benešová,
Markéta Zajícová
What is it?
• One of the earliest
discovered and widely
used antibiotic
• derived from the
Penicillium mold
• Antibiotics are natural
substances originally
producted by fungi
•
Vocabulary: derived = odvozené
HISTORY
• 1928 – discover –
Alexander Fleming
(1945 Nobel prize in
medicine)
• 1939 – Howard Walter
Florey
and his team of
researches – showed
in vivo bactericidal
action of penicillin
• 1942 – Orvan Hess –
first succesfully treat
patient using penicillin
History
• During world war II –
Penicillin saved
many people
• 1940 – determined
by Dorothy
Crowfoot Hodkin
• Florey and Chain
discoverred a
method of mass
producting a drug
(Nobel prize)
Chemical structure
• Refers to a group of
β-lactam antibiotics
• Penicillin has a rare
Penam Skeleton
(general formula: RC9H11N2O4S)
How did Alexander Fleming
discover penicillin?
• He found in his
• This blue pleat
laboratory a lot of
belonged to kind of
unwashed Petri´s
penicillium.
saucer where
bacteria growed.
• He put saucers into
the washing
solution and he
discover that pleat
in one Petri´s saucer
destroyed bacteria•
vocabulary: Pleat = řasa
staphy lococcus
Variants in clinical use
• Benzathine benzylpenicillin – for after–
treatment, long time of incidence(18days)
• Benzylpenicillin (penicillin G) – for major
infections
• Phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V) – for
streptococcus, only in tablets
• Procaine benzylpenicillin – only in injection
form
Adverse effects
 Adverse drug reactions
diarrhea, nausea, rash, urticaria,
 Infrequent adverse effects
fever, vomiting, erythhema,dermatitis,
 Pain and inflammation at the injection site is
also common for parenterally
 Allergic reactions
Vocabulary: adverse = nepříznivý
diarrhea = průjem
rash = vyrážka
urticaria = kopřivka
fever = horečka
erythema = zarudnutí kůže
inflammation = zápal, zánět
Thank you for your attention