Transcript Chapter 1

Chapter 1: A View of Life
Characteristics of Life
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Living Things are
organized

Small molecules form
larger molecule within
a cell
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Some organisms are
unicellular
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Plants and animals
are multicellular
In multi cellular organisms
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Cells combine to form
tissues
Tissues combine to
form organs
Organs combine to
form organ systems
Organ systems make
the organism
Living Things Acquire Materials and
Energy
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Energy is the ability to
do the work it takes to
maintain life
Metabolism is all the
chemical reactions
that occur in a cell
Living Things Acquire Materials and
Energy Continued
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Ultimate source of
energy is the sun


Plants, bacteria, and
algae can convert light
energy into chemical
energy through
photosynthesis
For metabolic processes
to continue, there must
be a stable tempeature,
moisture level, pH, and
other factors
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This is called homeostasis
Living Things Respond
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Organisms respond to
their environment
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This is called behavior
Living Things Reproduce and
Develop
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All organisms can
reproduce, or make
more organisms like
itself
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Can be asexual or
sexual
Living Things Have Adaptations
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Adaptations are
modifications that
makes an organisms
suited for its way of
life
Evolution: A Core Concept in
Biology
Diversity of Life
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Categories of
classification
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From most specific to
least specific
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Species, Genus,
Family, Order, Class,
Phylum, Kingdom,
Domain
Scientific Naming
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Species are described using
the genus and species
The genus is capitalized and
the species is lower-case,
the whole name is italicized
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Homo sapiens
Occasionally, the genus will
be abbreviated with the first
letter and a period if the
genus is considered obvious
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T. rex
Domains
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Bacteria, Archaea,
Eukarya
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Bacteria and Archaea
are prokaryotes
Kingdoms
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In Eukarya there are
four Kingdoms
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Animalia, Protista,
Fungi, Plantae
Science: A Way of Knowing
Observation
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First step of the
scientific method
Collected with the
senses
Hypothesis
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Arrived at through
inductive reasoning
by looking at a
phenomena at
explaining it using all
the information
avaiable
Must be testable
Experiment/Further Observation
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What is an experiment
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Designed test of a
hypothesis
Experimental design is
important to make sure
only one variable is
being tested
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This can be
accomplished by
having an
experimental group
and a control group.
Experiment/Further Observation
Continued
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Models can be used
to represent complex
systems in a way that
is easy to
comprehend
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Global climate is often
model to bring it to a
reasonable level
Data
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Data are the result of
an experiment
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Can be qualitative or
quantitative
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Quantitative is usually
preferred because it
can be compared
Conclusion
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Derived from the data
States whether a
hypothesis is
supported or not
Experiments can
never prove anything,
but can only disprove
the null hypothesis
Scientific Theory
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Accepted
explanations for
observed phenomena
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Based on several
experiments
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“Best explanation so
far”
If theory becomes
accepted for a very
long period of time it
can become a
principle or law
Science and Bioethical Issues
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Biodiversity
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Maintaining
biodiversity is
important for
ecosystems
Extinction
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Species going extinct
is a concern