Transcript Infection Control Lesson 1

Infection Control
Lesson 1:
Infection Control
Lesson Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, students should be able to …

Describe the conditions required for the infection
process to occur.
The History of Asepsis (FYI)
About 500 years ago, microorganisms known
as germs were suspected to be the cause of
diseases
 About 100 years ago germ theory was
discovered

The History of Asepsis (FYI)
 Today, there
is a better understanding of
germs and bacteria with the aid of highpowered microscopes and more specific
laboratory procedures
Microorganisms: A Definition
Microorganisms =living organisms
 Some are Harmless
 protozoa, viruses, fungi, and bacteria
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Pathogens

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
Harmful microorganisms
E. Coli is a common pathogen
Basic types of pathogens include:
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
Rickettsia
Virus
Protozoa
Bacteria
Fungi
Parasitic worms
What is needed for a
microorganism to grow?
 Food
 Moisture
 Darkness
 Right
temperature
 Aerobic
vs. anaerobic bacteria
those that need oxygen vs. those that
do not
How Pathogens are Transmitted
 The
chain of infection: (pg 53)
 The
causative agent
 The reservoir host
 The portal of exit
 The means of transmission
The chain of infection (cont):
 The
portal of entry
 Finally, a susceptible host
Chain of Infection
Stages of the Infection Process
 Invasion–
 Multiplication–
 Incubation
period–
 Prodromal period–
 Acute period–
 Recovery period–
Preventing the Spread of Infection
 Natural
defense mechanisms:
A healthy diet
 Age
 Sleep/rest

Preventing the Spread of Infection (cont)
 Natural
barriers to infection:
Skin
 Mucous membranes
 Gastrointestinal tract
 Lymphatic and blood systems
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The Body’s Defense Mechanisms
 promote
the spread of infection are:
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Coexisting conditions

Genetic inheritance
Preventing the Spread of Infection
1.
2.
Prevent the spread
Destroy the microorganisms
The Body’s Barriers to Infection
 Skin
 Mucous
membranes
 Gastrointestinal tract
 Lymphatic system and blood system
Critical Thinking Question
1.
How can these barriers be
compromised?
Phagocytosis
 The
process in which White blood
cells actively fight pathogens
Cardinal Signs of Inflammation
 Redness
 Heat
 Swelling
 Pain
Go to Lesson 2