Transcript 3.4 Biogeochemical Cycles Powerpoint

CHAPTER
3
Earth’s Environmental Systems
Lesson 3.4 Biogeochemical Cycles
A carbon atom in your body today may have
been part of a blade of grass last year, or a
dinosaur bone millions of years ago.
Fossilized bones in a
Colorado dig.
Lesson 3.4 Biogeochemical Cycles
Nutrient Cycling
• Matter cycles through the
environment.
• Law of Conservation of MatterMatter can be transformed, but
cannot be created or destroyed.
• Nutrients, matter that organisms
require for life process, circulate
throughout the environment in
biogeochemical cycles.
Did You Know? Organisms require several dozen
nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon, to
survive.
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Carbon Cycle
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Producers play a vital role in cycling carbon
Producers-plants/algae-use sun’s energy & CO2 to
make carbohydrates
Photosynthesis-sun energy makes
Carbohydrates
Consumers-eat other organisms
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Decomposers-bacteria &
fungus-break down waste & dead
animals
Cellular Respiration
The process in which organisms
use oxygen to release energy of
sugars and release Carbon dioxide
and water
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Carbon in the world
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Carbon in sediment
calcium carbonate in sand/Makes up marine
organism shells
Carbon in Oceans
2nd largest carbon reservoir
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Human Impacts
burning fossil fuels, trees, deforestation
Missing Carbon sink
1-2 billion tons are unaccounted for
Scientists think they are in northern forest
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Carbon sink-natural or artificial reservoir that
accumulates and stores some carbon-containing
chemical compound for an indefinite period.
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Lesson 3.4 Biogeochemical Cycles
The Carbon Cycle
Phosphorus Cycle
Phosphorus availability in naturally low.
Plants take up phosphorus in water
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Phosphorus is never in atmosphere.
Cycles between plants/animals/sediment
Human Impacts-phosphorus in fertilizer
Detergents. Run off causes Algae Blooms
Eutrophication- overgrowth of waterways
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Lesson 3.4 Biogeochemical Cycles
The Phosphorus Cycle
The Nitrogen Cycle
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Relies on bacteria to make nitrogen useful to organisms
Relies on bacteria to return it back to atmosphere
Nitrogen fixation-the conversion of N gas into ammonia
Nitrogen fixating bacteria on roots nodules of plants
• Red clover in nature center has these bacteria on roots
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I turn Nitrogen air into ammonia with the bacteria found on my roots:)
This Ammonia is turned into Nitites (nitrification)
Nitrites are turned into Nitrates (fertilizer)
Then Nitrates are turned back into N in air by another type of bacteria
• Denitrifying bacteria
Fish Tank Nitrogen Cycle-Models
the ocean
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Lesson 3.4 Biogeochemical Cycles
The Nitrogen Cycle