Transcript Immunity Unit Day 2

Immunity Unit Day 2
Every path has its
puddle.
English proverb
Today’s Agenda
Lymph Notes on obj. 2, 3, 4
 Color nodes
 Notes on objective 5-8
 Practice

A T cell infected with HIV
Obj. 2 Lymph Transport:
Flow of lymphatic fluid
The flow of lymph is slow
 The flow is maintained by skeletal
contractions, pressure changes in the
thoracic and contractions of the lymph
vessels.
 Valves prevent backflow.
Lymphatic capillaries are exceptionally
permeable, admitting proteins and particles
from the interstitial space.

Circulation in the Lymph
Nodes



Lymph fluid enters node through
afferent lymphatic vessels.
Exits lymph node through efferent
lymphatic vessels.
There are fewer efferent vessels
allowing lymph fluid to stagnate (stay
longer) in the lymph node before
exiting, allowing time for cleaning this
lymph fluid.
Other Lymphoid Organs:
These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages
and lymphocytes.

Spleen:
Destroys old or defective red
blood cells
 Stores platelets
 Acts as a hematopoietic site in
the embryo and in sever cases
of anemia

Other Lymphoid Organs:
These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages
and lymphocytes.

Thymus gland
Most functional during
youth
 Its hormones cause T
lymphocytes to become
immuno competent.

Other Lymphoid Organs:
These organs don’t filter but do contain macrophages
and lymphocytes.

Tonsils and Peyer’s patches
Small organs known collectively
ast GALT (gut-associated
lymphatic tissues).
 Prevent pathogens in the
respiratory and digestive tract
from going through the mucous
membrane lining

Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses:
things your body uses to defend against
ANYTHING
1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
 5.
 6.

Skin & mucous membranes
Phagocytic cells
Natural killer cells
Inflammatory response
Antimicrobial substances
Fever
Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses:
things your body uses to defend against
ANYTHING

1. Skin & mucous membranes
L
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p
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Bacterial leprosy infection just under skin.
“border line leprosy—numb centers
Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses:
things your body uses to defend against
ANYTHING


1. Skin & mucous membranes
2. Phagocytic cells-macrophages
Obj. 6



1. Skin & mucous membranes
2. Phagocytic cells – engulf
and destroy pathogens
3. Natural killer cells – attack
and lyse body cells infected by
viruses or that are cancerous.
Obj.
7&Inflammatory
response
1. Skin
mucous membranes


2. Phagocytic cells
3. Natural killer cells

4.

Inflammatory response
damaged tissues release
histamines
 Histamines make vessels
leaky, releasing phagocytes &
clotting factors
 Phagocytes engulf bacteria
 Platelets form clots

Obj. 7
Obj. 5 Nonspecific Defenses:
things your body uses to defend against
ANYTHING





1.
2.
3.
4.
Skin & mucous membranes
Phagocytic cells
Natural killer cells
Inflammatory response
5. Antimicrobial
substances
Interferon
 Complement proteins


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6. Fever




Skin & mucous membranes
Phagocytic cells
Natural killer cells
Inflammatory response
Antimicrobial substances
Obj. 8 Fever
Macrophages release pyrogens
105
 Hypothalamus elevates temperature
 Liver & spleen supply less iorn
 Bacteria don’t grow well without
iron
 Metabolism increases speeding
repair.

98.6