Transcript Borrelia burgdorferi

Borrelia burgdorferi
Lyme disease
Spirochetes
 Group or bacteria with a highly characteristic
appearance
 Helical, slender, relatively long cells
 One of the species of “borrelia” cause lyme
disease in human
Lyme disease bacterium
 Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is name given
to the overall category
 North America, Bb sensu stricto
 Europe Bb sensu stricto, B.garinii, and
B.afzelii
 Asia has B.garinii
taxanomy
Super kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum:
spirochaetes
Order:
spirochaetales
Family:
spirochaelaceae
Genus:
Borrelia
Species:
borrelia burgdorferi
Symptoms
 The early symptoms are mild and easily
overlook.
 The first symptom is usually an expanding
rash.
 Called erythema migrans.
 Appear as a solid red expanding rash or
blotch, OR a central spot surrounded by clear
skin that in ringed by an expanding red rash
looks like bull’s eye.
Target tissue
 Borrelia has been isolated from nearly every
organ
 Tendon
 Heart
 muscle
Disseminated lyme disease
 General
 Profound fatigue, headache, fever severe
muscle aches/pain
 Brain (tingling sensations of the extremitiesperipheral neuropathy, facial palsy
 Eyes :vision changes, retinal damage, optic
atropy
 Skin: rash not at bite site (erythema migrans)
Diagnosis
 There are number of blood test available
 Antibody test :ELISA and western blot tests.
Although there is false positive and negative
result
 Antigen detection tests
 Polymerase chain reaction: this test multiplies
the of Bb DNA to detectable measurable level
Polymerase chain reaction
prevention
 Precautionary routine
Wear enclosed shoes and light-clolred clothing
with a tight weave to spot ticks easily
Scan clothes and any exposed skin
Stay on cleared, well- traveled trails
Insect repellent containing DEET (Diethylmeta-tolumide) in skin or cloths
Inspect yourself and your children carefully after
been heavily bushed area
How is Lyme Disease Treated?
 Treatments varies and depends on timings
 Tetracycline or amoxycillin/probonicid
 Four later complication such as meningitis
ceferiaxone
non- steroidal anti inflammatory drug
motality
 Highly motile
 Internal bundle of
flagella; cause it to
contract like muscle
 Swim through blood
vessel, extracellular
matrix, connective
tissue
 Swim at the rate of
several inches in a
matter of few days
Tick vectors:
B.burgdorferi is transmitted to humans by
ticks of the ixodes recinus complex.
American dog tick
Dermacetor variablis
Black legged tick
Ixodus scapularis
How to remove tick:
 If you DO find a tick attach tjo your skin,there
is no need to panic. Not all ticks are infected
 Without jerking, using a pair of pointed
precision tweezers, grasp the tick by the head
or mouthparts right where they enter the skin.
 Do not twist the tick out ,
 Clean the bite wound with disinfectant
Population at risk
Repoted Lyme Disease and Incedent
Rate
Lyme disease vaccine
and treatment;
 LYMEric is made from lipidated rOspA pf
B.burgdorferi sensu stricto.
 Three dosages required for optimal protection
Mechanism of Action:
B.burgdorferi in a vector tick undergoes substantial
antigenic change between the time of tick attachment
on a mammalian host and transmission of the
bacterium to the host.
 Treatments include antibiotics, amoxicillin, penicillin,
deoxycycline
 For complicated case these antibiotics given through
IV.
Population at risk
 Most B.burgdorferi infections result from
residential exposure to infected ticks during
property maintenance, recreation, and leisure
activity
 The person who engage in outdoor
occupations
 Forestry
 landscaping
•Distribution of human cases of lyme
disease
 Endemic in several region in the U.S.A,
Canada, and temperate Eurasia
 1993-1997 62,000> reported cases. 5.5
cases/100,000 population
 Highest reported rates occur in children under
the age15 years
References,
 Lyme net, Igenex,Inc. niaid.nih.gov, Mosby
medical dictionary , lyme alliance.org