Transcript Brucellosis Eradication Program

Brucellosis Eradication
Program
4-H Veterinary Science
Extension Veterinary Medicine
Texas AgriLife Extension Service
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science
Texas A&M System
http://aevm.tamu.edu
Objectives
 Discuss the decrease in the prevalence of
brucellosis in cattle and swine
 Understand that health regulations are health
management practices used to prevent the
spread of the disease
Numerous animal species affected
Endemic to most parts of world
Reportable
Bacterial disease
Zoonotic
Causative Agent
 Caused by species of Brucella bacteria
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Brucella abortus - cattle, bison, elk
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Brucella melitensis - goats
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Brucella suis - swine
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Brucella ovis - sheep
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Brucella canis - dogs
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Brucella neotomae - rats
-USDA, VS
Transmission
 Routes of exit from infected animal
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Aborted fetus
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Reproductive fluids
Placenta
Milk
Urine
Semen
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Routes of entry to susceptible animal
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Ingestion
Mucous membranes
Broken skin
Intact skin
 Once an animal is infected, it is
forever infected with bacteria
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Reservoir hosts shed bacteria
Dead-end hosts do not shed bacteria
Diagnosis
Clinical symptoms of Bang’s disease in
cattle
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Abortions
Retained placentas
Decreased milk production
Testicular abscesses
Arthritis
Laboratory tests
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Serology
Culture
Clinical symptoms in horses
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Fistulous withers
Poll evil
Laboratory tests
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Serology
Culture
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Clinical symptoms in sheep and goats
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Abortions
Retained placentas
Mastitis
Lameness
Orchitis and epididymitis
Impaired fertility
Laboratory tests
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Serology
Culture
Clinical symptoms in swine
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Abortions
Weak/stillborn piglets
Orchitis
Sterility in boars
Swollen joints and tendon sheaths
Lameness
Posterior paralysis
Metritis
Body abscesses
Laboratory tests
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Serology
Culture
Prevention
 Heifer vaccination
 Testing new entries
 Herd testing and slaughter
Vaccinating Heifers Helps to Keep the Free of Bang’s Disease
-USDA
Regulation and Eradication
 National Animal Identification System (pending)
 USDA Brucellosis Eradication Program
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Interstate movement testing
Show testing
First point testing
Slaughter testing
Surveillance
Herd certification/validation
 Texas FEAD Emergency Response Plan
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Identify positive animals and destroy
Reduce amount of time to get back test results
Track origin of suspects animals
Swine Brucellosis
 Brucella suis
 Zoonotic
 Transmission
Oral
 Venereal
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 Prevention
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No vaccine
 Symptoms
Abortions
 Infertility
 Sterility
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 Surveillance
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Blood test
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Shows
Slaughter plants
Change-of-ownership
Organized hunts
 Eradication
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Quarantine and disposal