Transcript Abnormal Cell Division

Abnormal Cell
Division
Neoplasia
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Inappropriate cell mitosis
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Completely abnormal → not part of the body plan
“Neo” - new “plasia” - growth
Benign
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“Innocent”
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Not usually dangerous to health
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Not progressive
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Can be problematic because in many areas
of the body, there is no where for mass to
grow
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Example: spinal column, brain
Tumor
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Solid mass of cells (may be benign or
malignant)
Characteristics of Benign Tumors
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Tumor does not spread
Usually encapsulated
Tumor appears neat and organized (cancer
appears abnormal)
Cells look normal
Does not usually become cancerous
Benign Tumors
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Can be problematic if they put pressure on
organs or vessels
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Treatment: surgery
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Do not usually grow back
Benign Salivary Gland Tumor
©http://www.arquivosdeorl.org.br/conteudo/imagesFORL/378img_02.jpg
Cyst
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Fluid-filled mass surrounded by a fibrous capsule
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All cysts are benign
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Very common, found all over
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Some may grow to unusual sizes if not removed
Large Ovarian Cyst
©http://bms.brown.edu/pedisurg/Brown/IBImages/Ovary/OvarCyst3.html
Ganglion Cyst on the Wrist
©http://thefuntimesguide.com/images/blogs/ganglion-cyst-on-wrist.jpg
Polyp
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Abnormal growth of tissues projecting from a
mucous membrane
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Made of epithelial cells
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All are mushroom shaped
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Can become cancerous if it is in an area that
irritates the tissue
Polyp in the Colon
Polyp
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Most often found in the colon, stomach,
nose, sinuses, bladder, uterus
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Scope often finds the polyp and it can be
removed by a physician
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Biopsy: Sample is taken and determined if
the tissue is cancerous
Malignant
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Cancer “CA”
Malignant Tumor
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Do grow aggressively
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Do invade the cells found in surrounding
tissue
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Do metastasize (spread to different areas)
Carcinoma
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Any malignant tumor that comes from
epithelial cells
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Originate in the lining or covering any organ
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Over 90% of malignant tumors are
carcinomas
Sarcoma
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Malignant tumor originates in muscle,
nerve, or connective tissue
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10% of malignant tumors
©http://www.scienceclarified.com/images/uesc_10_img0585.jpg
Diffuse
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Found all over the body
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Inoperable
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Use of chemotherapy is the most effective
treatment for leukemia and lymphoma
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Leukemia: cancer of the blood or bone
marrow
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Usually an overproduction of wbc
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Lymphoma: type of cancer that originates
in the lymphocytes