Transcript Breast Cancer

Cancer
Six Different Types
Breast
Cancer
Symptoms of Breast Cancer
• A lump or a thickening
in the breast or in the
armpit
• A change in size or
shape of the mature
breast
• Fluid (not milk) leaking
from the nipple
• Change in size or shape
of the nipple
• Changes of color,
shape or texture of the
nipple or the areola
• Unusual pain in the
breast or in the armpit
Treatment of Breast Cancer
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Surgery
Chemotherapy
Targeted therapies
Radiation
Hormonal therapy.
Prevention of Breast Cancer
Factors You Can’t Control
• Gender
• Genes
• Race
• Age
• Menopausal status
• Drugs and treatments
Whether you are at low or high risk,
you have many options to lower
your risk. When it’s found at an
early stage, breast cancer can
effectively be treated, and there
are several ways to help prevent
recurrence. Take responsibility for
your breast health
Do a monthly self breast exams
Over 40 should have an annual
clinical breast exam
Cervical
Cancer
Symptoms of Cervical Cancer
• Cervical cancer symptoms
often go unnoticed because
they mimic so many other
ailments. Many women pass
these symptoms off as PMS
or ovulation pains. Many
times, however, cervical
cancer has no symptoms.
• Abnormal bleeding, Unusual
heavy discharge, Pelvic
pain, Pain during urination,
Bleeding between regular
menstrual periods, after
sexual intercourse or pelvic
exam
Treatment of Cervical Cancer
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LEEP (Loop electrosurgical excision procedure) in-office
procedure where abnormal cells are removed with a wire
that has electric current running through it
Conization is the removal of a cone shaped piece of
tissue from the cervix and cervical canal
Cryosurgery, or cryotherapy, freezes and kills abnormal
tissue
Laser surgery uses a laser beam to remove lesions or
tumors that are at the surface
A total hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus
and cervix. It can be done through the vagina or through
an incision in the abdomen
A radical hysterectomy removes the cervix, uterus, and
upper part of the vagina. The ovaries and fallopian tubes
may be removed also
A bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is the surgical
removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes
Pelvic exenteration is the surgical removal of the lower
colon, rectum and bladder. Openings are made for the
passage of stool and urine to be collected in bags
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
6 Ways to Prevent Cervical
Cancer
1. Get a regular Pap smear
2. Limit the amount of sexual
partners you have
3. Quit smoking or avoid
secondhand smoke
4. If you are sexually active, use a
condom
5. Follow up on abnormal Pap
smears
6. Get the HPV vaccine
Colon Cancer
Symptoms of Colon
Cancer
Local colon cancer symptoms affect your bathroom habits and the colon itself
• Changes in your bowel movements, such as bowel movements that are either more
or less frequent than normal
• Constipation (difficulty having a bowel movement or straining to have a bowel
movement)
• Diarrhea (loose or watery stools)
• Intermittent (alternating) constipation and diarrhea
• Bright red or dark red blood in your stool or black, dark colored, "tarry" stools
• Stools that are thinner that normal ("pencil stools") or feeling as if you cannot empty
your bowels completely
• Abdominal (midsection) discomfort, bloating, frequent gas pains, or cramps
Systemic colon cancer symptoms are those that affect your whole body
• Unintentional weight loss (losing weight when not dieting or trying to lose weight)
• Loss of appetite
• Unexplained fatigue (extreme tiredness)
• Nausea or vomiting
• Anemia (low red blood cell count or low iron in your red blood cells)
• Jaundice (yellow color to the skin and whites of the eyes)
3 Treatments of Colon Cancer
1. Surgery - Colon surgery is
the most common treatment
for colon cancer. In ideal
situations, where the cancer
is found at a very early stage,
a doctor can remove the
tumor with a colonoscope.
Most of the time however,
colon surgery is required.
2. Chemotherapy Chemotherapy is sometimes
recommended for stage 2
colon cancer, and usually
recommended for stage 3
and stage 4 colon cancer.
3. Radiation Therapy
Prevention of Colon
Cancer
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Go to a doctor if you have any colon cancer
symptoms
If you're 50 or older, schedule a colon cancer
screening
Eat a balanced diet
Maintain a healthy weight
Maintain an active lifestyle
Consider genetic counseling - People who carry
genetic mutations linked to hereditary colon
cancer are the most likely to develop the disease.
Learn your family medical history
Don't smoke
Reduce radiation exposure
Lung Cancer
Symptoms of Lung Cancer
• A habitual cough which
worsens over time
• Constant chest pain
• Coughing up blood
• Shortness of breath,
wheezing, or hoarseness
• Continual problems with
bronchitis or pneumonia
• Fatigue
• Swelling of the face and
neck
• Loss of appetite
• Unintentional weight loss
Resection - This surgery removes a small part of the lung where the tumor
is. The procedure is referred to as a wedge resection if a small triangular
slice of tissue is taken, or a segmental resection when the tissue sample is
a little larger.
Sleeve Resection - A surgical procedure that removes part of the
bronchus.
Lobectomy - Removal of an entire lobe (section) of the lung is done with
this procedure.
Pneumonectomy - A pneumonectomy removes the entire lung.
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
Treatments of Lung Cancer
The best way to
prevent lung
cancer is not to
smoke.
Pancreatic
Cancer
Symptoms of Pancreatic Cancer
• Yellowing of the Skin and
Eyes
• Abdominal Pain
• Unintended Weight Loss
• Nausea/Vomiting
• Loss of Appetite
• Itchy Skin (less common)
• Unexpected Onset of
Diabetes
• Changes in Stool and
Urine Color
• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation
Treatments of Pancreatic Cancer
Prevention of
Pancreatic Cancer
• Pancreatic cancer is one of the
more stubborn cancers to
diagnose and treat. Early
detection is rare, thus treatment
is limited. Unfortunately, there
are no medically backed
methods of preventing
pancreatic cancer. However,
avoiding the risk factors for it is
the best defense we have.
• Do Not Smoke
• Diet and Exercise
Skin Cancer
• A small lump (spot or mole) that is shiny, waxy,
pale in color, and smooth in texture.
• A red lump (spot or mole) that is firm
• A sore or spot that bleeds or become crusty.
Also look for sores that don't heal.
• Rough and scaly patches on the skin.
• Flat scaly areas of the skin that are red or
brown.
• Any new growth that is suspicious
Symptoms of Skin
Cancer
Treatment of Skin Cancer
• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation
Prevention of Skin Cancer
5 ways to prevent Skin Cancer
• Use sunscreen
• Avoid direct exposure to midday sun
• Stay in the shade
• Monitor childrens' sun exposure
• Wear protective clothing
• The Randomness of Cancer is no
respecter of person. We must all be on
guard to prevent and be aware of all the
precautions that we can take to alleviate
this beautiful but deadly disease.
• Starting when children are young, simple
practices, such as applying sunscreen
could save a life.
Works Cited
Breast Cancer
• Breast Cancer Symptoms and Explanations, By Pam Stephan,
About.com Updated October 27, 2006
• Breast Cancer Treatments: The Options, By Pam Stephan,
About.com
Cervical Cancer
• Cervical Cancer Symptoms Women Need to Know, By Lisa
Fayed, About.com, Updated: July 14, 2009
• Reducing Your Risk of Cervical Cancer, By Lisa Fayed,
About.com, Updated: April 29, 2007
• Cervical Cancer Treatment, By Lisa Fayed, About.com, Updated:
April 29, 2007
Colon Cancer
• Colon Cancer Treatment Options, By Donna Myers, About.com ,
Updated: October 17, 2008
Works Cited
Lung Cancer
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Lung Cancer Symptoms, By Terry Martin, About.com, Updated August 22,
2006
Smoking Cessation Blog, By Terry Martin, About.com Guide to Smoking
Cessation since 2003
Treating Lung Cancer, By Terry Martin, About.com, Updated August 23,
2006
Pancreatic Cancer
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Signs and Symptoms of Pancreatic Cancer, By Lisa Fayed, About.com,
Updated: November 02, 2009
Can pancreatic cancer be prevented?, By Lisa Fayed, About.com,
Created: October 28, 2005
Skin Cancer
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Signs and Symptoms of Skin Cancer to Watch Out For, By Lisa Fayed,
About.com, Updated: July 08, 2009
Top 5 Ways to Prevent Skin Cancer, By Lisa Fayed, About.com, Updated
June 15, 2007
The End