Transcript Slide 1

Plasma og romfysikk,
Fysisk institutt
Solar radiation consists of a range of wavelengths, and
has many biological effects and applications. From
solar panels to cancer treatment, from vitamin D
production to cancer induction. Our groups’ research
Biophysics and PDT group,
Department of Radiation Biology,
Institute for Cancer Research,
Oslo University Hospital,
Radium Hospital
Group leader: Johan Moan, Prof., PhD
Tel:22934268
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: http://www.rr-research.no/moan
focuses on UVB, UVA and the visible region of solar
radiation.
Humans are developed in the spectrum of the sun. Skin colors are adjusted to the
fluence of solar radiation at different latitudes. Vitamin D is given to us when the sun
shines on our skin and skin cancer is generated in us if we expose ourselves too
much to the sun.
We study the diffusion of different wavelenghts of solar radiation through the
atmosphere and down into our skin. Furthermore, we investigate the health effects
of such sun exposure.
Vitamin D synthesis
Vitamin D, known for decades for its important role for
bone health, is now being investigated as an anticancer
compound. The main source of vitamin D in humans is
exposure of skin to ultraviolet B radiation (UVB, 280-320
nm). It is believed that sun is responsible for up to 90%
of the circulating vitamin D concentrations. Therefore,
any factor that would affect the fluence of UVB at ground
level will impact greatly on the vitamin D status.
Skin pigmentation and its purpose
Cancer (breast, colon,
Schizophrenia prostate, lung,
lymphomas, malignant
Influenza
melanoma)
Folate is the generic term for a family of chemically
similar compounds belonging to the vitamin B family.
Therefore, folates are vital for all living creatures.
Photodegradation of folates in humans is being
investigated and can be clinically applied as well as
shed light on the development of human skin colors.
Skin cancer
Skin agening
Immune
supression
Eye damage
Diabetes
Metabolic
syndrome
Cardiovascular
diseases
Autoimmune
diseases
Osteomalacia
Osteoporosis
Rickets
Fibromyalgia
PHOTOSENSITIZER
S2
ENERGY
Internal
conversion
Intersystem
crossing
S1
Energy
transfer
T1
Absorption
Fluorescence
S0
OXYGEN
Phosphorescence
1O
2
3O
Excitation
Emission
2
Photodynamic therapy is based on
selective accumulation of protoporphyrin IX
in tumor tissue, followed by exposure to
visible light of wavelengths within the
absorption spectrum of PpIX. Upon light
activation, the PpIX molecule transfers
energy to oxygen. This leads to production of
the highly reactive product, singlet oxygen,
which can cause oxidative damage to
biomolecules and tissues close to the site of
its generation