Transcript MLA: Modern Language Association In-Text and End

Two Components for MLA Citations
• In-Text Citations
– Inside the paper
– aka parenthetical citations
• End-Text Citations
– At the end of the paper
– aka Work(s) Cited page
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Various Types of Sources to Cite
Books
Magazines
Newspapers
Multivolume Works
Online Periodicals
Documentaries
Scholarly Journals
Charts/Graphs
Interviews
Almanacs
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Internet sites
Encyclopedias
Lectures
Films
Information that Doesn’t Require Citations
•
Proverb, sayings, clichés
– A friend in need…
• is a friend indeed.
– Give credit where…
• credit is due.
• Well-known quotations
– “To be or not to be. That is the question.”
• Common knowledge that’s not debatable.
– The sky is blue.
– Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.
• Your own field research.
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Reminder
WHEN IN DOUBT… CITE IT!!
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MLA Works Cited Popular Entries
Four of the most common source types:
• Books
• Magazines/Journals Articles (Print)
• Magazines/Journals Articles (Library Web
Database)
• Websites
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MLA Works Cited Entry Formulas
Book Formula:
Last name, First name. Title. City of
Publication: Publisher, Date of
Publication. Print.
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MLA Works Cited Entry Formulas
Book Example:
Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York: Signet
Classics, 2008. Print.
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MLA Works Cited Entry Formulas
Print Magazine/Journal Article Formula:
Last name, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of
Magazine or Newspaper Day Month Year:
Page numbers. Print.
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MLA Works Cited Entry Formulas
Print Magazine/Journal Article Example:
Powell, Frances. “Lady Diana: The People’s
Princess.” Newsweek 20 Nov. 1995: 25-28.
Print.
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MLA Works Cited Entry Formulas
Web Database Magazine/Journal Article
Formula:
Last name, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of
Journal. Vol. no. Issue no. (Year): pages. Online
Database Name. Web. Day Month Year
Accessed.
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MLA Works Cited Entry Formulas
Web Database Magazine/Journal Article
Example:
Reese, Patty. “Christianity in America.” The
Christian Journal. 6.2 (2009): 1+. Expanded
Academic. Web. 8 March 2010.
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MLA Works Cited Entry Formulas
Website Formula:
Last name, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of
Larger Source or Website. Publisher or
Sponsor. Day Month Year of Publication. Web.
Day Month Year Accessed.
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MLA Works Cited Entry Formulas
Website Example:
Smith, Beth. “Something Rotten in the Big
Apple.” NewYorkNews.com. New York
News Press. 17 June 2002. Web. 24 Feb.
2010.
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MLA Works Cited Page Specs
• Continue page numbering with last name from
the body of your paper. It goes after the paper.
• Center the title “Works Cited,” one inch from the
top. No quote marks or underlining.
• Alphabetize entries by the author’s last name. If
no author, alphabetize by the title (ignore A, An,
The).
• Use a hanging indent.
• Double space.
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MLA Works Cited Page Specs
What if something is missing?
Some sources do not have a date, publisher or
pagination. MLA advises, where applicable, to
write n.d. for no date, n.p. for no publisher, and
n.pag. for no pagination given.
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MLA Works Cited Page Specs
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MLA In-Text Citations Formulas
References in your paper must clearly point to
specific sources in your list of Works Cited.
IF IT’S IN THE PAPER, IT GOES ON THE WORKS
CITED PAGE. IF IT’S ON THE WORKS CITED PAGE
IT GOES IN THE PAPER.
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MLA In-Text Citations Formulas
Formula:
In print sources (and sources from the web and
databases), providing the author’s last name and
the page number is most preferred.
Example:
Medieval Europe was a place both of “raids,
pillages, slavery, and extortion” and of “traveling
merchants, monetary exchange, towns if not cities,
and active markets in grain” (Townsend 10).
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MLA In-Text Citations Formulas
Formula:
In web sources, providing the author’s last name is
still the first choice.
Special Other Considerations:
– Since many web sources do not have page numbers,
use the abbreviations par. for the paragraph number.
– Do not use page numbers assigned by the printer.
Sources that are PDF files have page numbers that
are stable/fixed and authentic/original and should be
included in the parenthetical reference.
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MLA In-Text Citations Formulas
Formula:
If no author is listed (no matter the type of source), use
the title of the article (shortened if longer than 5
words).
Example:
Medieval Europe was a place both of “raids,
pillages, slavery, and extortion” and of “traveling
merchants, monetary exchange, towns if not cities,
and active markets in grain” (“A History of the
Middle Ages” 10).
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MLA In-Text Citations Formulas
Formula:
The author’s name can be referred to within the
sentence and as a result not be mentioned in the
parenthetical citation.
Example:
According to Mike Townsend, Medieval Europe was
a place both of “raids, pillages, slavery, and
extortion” and of “traveling merchants, monetary
exchange, towns if not cities, and active markets in
grain” (10).
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MLA In-Text Citations Specs
• If using the title, remember to use correct
punctuation: italicize book titles, use quotation
marks for journal articles, short stories, book
chapters, etc.
• Periods go after the parenthesis.
• Whatever is in the first space of the works cited, endtext citation goes in the parenthetical citation. They
are a matching pair.
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MLA Body Paragraph Example
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MLA Interactive Practice
Let’s make citations!
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MLA Practice
1) Write a Work Cited entry for the following source.
Author: James Debrie
Title: Days of Thunder
City: Boston
Publisher: Verizon, Inc.
Date: 2004
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MLA Practice
1) Does yours look like this?
Debrie, James. Days of Thunder. Boston:
Verizon, Inc., 2004. Print.
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MLA Practice
2) Write a Work Cited entry for the following source.
Author: Annalyse Burton
Title of Article: Mark Twain: The Satirist
Title of Larger Work: The Literati
Publication Date: July 19, 1999
Pages: 125, 127, 128, 129
Database: OneFile
Medium: Web
Access Date: April 27, 2011
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MLA Practice
2) Does yours look like this?
Burton, Annalyse. “Mark Twain: The Satirist.”
The Literati. 19 July 1999: 125, 127-29.
OneFile. Web. 27 April 2011.
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MLA Practice
4) You wrote the following sentence using information
from “Family Therapy: A Systems Approach”, which is
an article on the website WebMD. You found it on April
12, 2014, and the copyright date is 2011. No author is
available. Finish the parenthetical citation.
Some researchers trace the causes of alcohol dependence to
“flawed family structures.”
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MLA Practice
4) Does yours look like this?
Some researchers trace the causes of alcohol dependence to
“flawed family structures” (“Family Therapy: A Systems
Approach” par. 5).
© Julie Faulkner
Helpful Sources
http://www.nwmissouri.edu/library/CITING/MLA.HTM
#cq
Perdue’s OWL Website
Harbrace Handbook
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Researcher’s Guide for MLA
Tip: While researching, be sure to locate the following information for all sources you plan to use in your paper. A good idea is to
write a short summary of each source and how you plan to use it.
For books:
Name(s) of authors or editors. If only citing one chapter within a
book, the author and title (in “quotation marks”) of the chapter.
Title of book (including subtitle) italicized.
City of publication, name of the publisher, and year of
publication.
Medium of publication.
Edition (only if 2nd ed. or later).
Volume number (if there is one).
If citing one chapter within a book, the page numbers of the
chapter.
For print journal and magazine articles :
Names of authors.
Title of article in “quotation marks.”
Title of journal or magazine italicized.
Volume number (for a journal).
Issue number (for a journal, if available).
Date of publication (for journal article, note year only).
Page numbers of the article.
Medium of publication (Print).
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For journal and magazine articles acquired using a library
database:
Names of authors.
Title of article in “quotation marks.”
Title of journal or magazine italicized.
Volume number and issue number (for a journal).
Date of publication (for journal article, note year only).
Page numbers of the article as originally published in print journal.
Name of the database italicized.
Medium of publication (Web).
Date of access (day, month, and year).
For websites:
Name of author or editor (if given).
Title of the work italicized if the work is independent; in quotation
marks if it is part of a larger work.
Title of the overall website italicized, if distinct from above.
Publisher or sponsor of the site; if not available, use n.p.
Date of publication (day, month, and year), if not available, use n.d.
Medium of publication (Web).
Date of access (day, month, and year).
Paragraph number
MLA End-Text Formatting Cheat Sheet
MLA style requires that the list of Works Cited start on a new page at the end of your paper. Formatting rules include:
• Continue page numbering from the body of your paper.
• Center the title “Works Cited,” one inch from the top.
• Alphabetize entries by the author’s last name. If no author, alphabetize by the title (ignore A, An, The).
• Use a hanging indent.
• If the source is on the works cited page, it must be used in the paper.
Book Formula:
Last name, First name. Title. City of Publication: Publisher, Date
Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York: Signet Classics, 2008. Print.
of Publication. Print.
Print Magazine/Journal Article Formula:
Last name, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of Magazine or
Newspaper Day Month Year: Page numbers. Print.
Web Database Magazine/Journal Article Formula:
Last name, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal. Vol. no.
Powell, Frances. “Lady Diana: The People’s Princess.” Newsweek 20
Nov. 1995: 25-28. Print.
Reese, Patty. “Christianity in America.” The Christian Journal. 6.2
(2009): 1+. Expanded Academic. Web. 8 March 2010.
Issue no. (Year): pages. Online Database Name. Web. Day
Month Year Accessed.
Website Formula:
Last name, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of Larger Source or
Website. Publisher or Sponsor. Day Month Year of Publication.
Web. Day Month Year Accessed.
© Julie Faulkner
Smith, Beth. “Something Rotten in the Big Apple.”
NewYorkNews.com. New York News Press. 17 June 2002. Web. 24
Feb. 2010.
MLA Rubric/Checklist
• If the source is on the works cited page, it must be used in the paper.
• The inside of the parenthesis must match the first of the Works Cited entry that it corresponds with.
• References in your paper must clearly point to specific
sources in your list of Works Cited.
• In most cases, providing the author’s last name and the page
number is sufficient:
Medieval Europe was a place both of “raids, pillages,
slavery, and extortion” and of “traveling merchants,
monetary exchange, towns if not cities, and active
markets in grain” (Townsend 10).
• If you have several works by the same author, also include the
title (abbreviated if long):
(Frye, Double Vision 85).
• If no author is listed, use the title of the article (shortened if
longer than 5 words):
Cyberbullying is a direct result of increased access
to technology (“The New Face of Bullying” 17).
• If using the title, remember to use correct punctuation:
italicize book titles, use quotation marks for journal articles,
short stories, book chapters, etc.
© Julie Faulkner
• Periods go after the parenthesis.
• For a citation from a website with no specific page numbers, use
the author’s last name and paragraph number (Townsend par. 5).
• The author’s name can be referred to within the sentence:
Tannen has argued this point….. (178-85).
…or the author’s name can be referred to within the
parenthetical reference:
This point has already been argued (Tannen 178-85).
• Whatever is in the first space of the works cited, end-text citation
goes in the parenthetical citation.
MLA Rubric/Checklist
______1. Headers correct (last name and page # on all pages included Work Cited on top right aligned &
MLA heading on first page)
______2. If a source is present on the works cited page, it’s present in the paper. EVERY SINGLE TIME.
______3. Everything double spaced
______4. The title on both the paper and Works Cited page is centered beneath the header above the
first paragraph in regular font,
not bold, not underlined, not larger, not quoted, etc.
______5. Work(s) Cited page included as last page
______6. Work(s) Cited entries are hanging indented
______7. Work(s) Cited entries are in alphabetical order
______8. periods after parenthesis for in-text citations and other punctuation in citations and titles
correct
______9. in-text citations have proper formatting based on the type of source
______10. End-text citations are correct formatting based on the type of source
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