3.02B Authoring Languages

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Transcript 3.02B Authoring Languages 

3.02B Authoring Languages
3.02 Develop webpages.
Authoring Languages
 Used to control the appearance and
functionality of webpages when displayed in
a browser
 Examples include:
 HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
 XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
 XHTML (eXtensible HTML)
HTML
HyperText Markup Language
 First and still primary
language for developing
webpages/sites.
 Uses codes, or tags, to
instruct the browser how to
display text and images.
 Is platform independent.
Example of HTML code
<html>
<title>Student Website</title>
<b>Welcome to my website!</b>
</html>
XML
eXtensible Markup Language
 Describes data types to
facilitate data processing
 Designed to carry data, not
to display it
 Allows the author to define tags
to identify each data entry so
that the data can be easily
imported into other applications
 Metadata—data about data
Example of XML code
<weather>
<city>Atlanta</city>
<state>Georgia</state>
<temp>75</temp>
</weather>
XHTML
eXtensible HyperText Markup Language
 Combination of HTML and XML
 Allows the designer to mix HTML and XML so that browsers can
display and manage data correctly
 Originally intended to replace HTML as dominant authoring
language
 Places restrictions on HTML tags so that code is cleaner and
can display data as the author intended
 Requires all HTML tag sets be closed
 Requires lowercase tags
 Many devices can’t interpret bad HTML code (mobile phones,
PDAs)
Style Sheets
 Describe how browsers should present or
display information on a webpage.
 Give web developers more control over
layout and page formatting.
 Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a popular
style sheet language.
<html>
<head>
CSS
Cascading Style Sheets
 Separates content from
appearance and gives
web authors more control
over layout and page
format
 CSS code instructs the
Web browser how to
format each item.
<style type="text/css">
h1 {color: #00ff00}
h2 {color: #dda0dd}
p {color: rgb(0,0,255)}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is header 1</h1>
<h2>This is header 2</h2>
<p>This is a paragraph</p>
</body>
</html>
Pros and Cons of CSS
Advantages
 One style sheet can
control the formatting for
multiple webpages.
 An entire website can be
reformatted by editing one
CSS file.
 Styles can also be set
internally. The CSS code
is keyed in the header
section of the html
document.
Disadvantages
 May alter the ability of
some devices to
accurately read and
display information.
Text Editors
 Allow developers to write code in plain text.
 Examples:
 Notepad
 Notepad2
 Wordpad
 Microsoft Word should not be used to create
webpages.