Transcript Document

Accessibility
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Accessibility validators
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http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/tools/
Different standards set by government, country
and industries.
Visually Impaired
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Color Blind
Blind
People having difficulty viewing images need
alternatives to help them understand what is on the
web page
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Hearing Impaired
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If web site uses sound consider an alternative such as text
to assist.
Physically Impaired
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People unable to use the mouse
 http://accessites.org/site/2007/03/i-saw-a-mouse-where/
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Cognitive and Neurological Impairments
Considerations include logical easy to understand
navigation
 Certain animations and flashing can trigger seizures
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Special Populations and Web Site Design
Adaptations
Mobile Phones
 Low Bandwidth
 Users in a noisy environment
 Users in a dangerous environment
 Users driving
 ESL
 Older adults
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Approximately 10-20% of people have some form of
impairment
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Ecommerce sites lose business
Legal requirements set by the government
 Some web design projects must meet standards and be
accessible if it is gov work
 See below for guidelines based on country
 http://www.w3.org/WAI/Policy/
 Sample countries include:
 Australia
 France
 Hong Kong
 Spain
 UK
 New Zealand
 India
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Accessibility Groups
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W3C
 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0
 For web designers
 Effective 1999
 14 guidelines and 90 checkpoints
 Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines 1.0
 For software developer products
 User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 1.0
 For web browser manufacturers
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Sample checkpoints from W3C
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http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG10-CORETECHS/#text-equivalent
 Structure vs. Presentation
 Text equivalents
 Provide a text equivalent for every non-text element (e.g.,
via "alt", "longdesc", or in element content). This includes:
images, graphical representations of text (including
symbols), image map regions, animations (e.g., animated
GIFs), applets and programmatic objects, ASCII art, frames,
scripts, images used as list bullets, spacers, graphical
buttons, sounds (played with or without user interaction),
stand-alone audio files, audio tracks of video, and vide
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Quick test! A good test to determine if a text equivalent is
useful is to imagine reading the document aloud over the
telephone. What would you say upon encountering this
image to make the page comprehensible to the listener?
Navigation
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Create a style of presentation that is consistent across pages.
[Priority 3] 13.4 Use navigation mechanisms in a consistent
manner. [Priority 2] 13.5 Provide navigation bars to highlight and
give access to the navigation mechanism. [Priority 3] 13.3 Provide
information about the general layout of a site (e.g., a site map or
table of contents). [Priority 2] 13.7 If search functions are provided,
enable different types of searches for different skill levels and
preferences. [Priority 3] 13.2 Provide metadata to add semantic
information to pages and sites. [Priority 2]
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Level 'A' -- All Priority 1 checkpoints are
satisfied.
Level 'Double-A' -- All Priority 1 and 2
checkpoints are satisfied.
Level 'Triple-A' -- All Priority 1, 2, and 3
checkpoints are satisfied.
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The US Government has endorsed the W3C Web
Content Accessibility Guidelines by requiring that
all federal Websites and sites that are under a
federal contract must comply with the guidelines.
More information can be obtained from Section
508.
Some tools to help in design
http://sixrevisions.com/webstandards/accessibility_testtools/
 Test: Close eyes and listen instead of reading
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 WebAnyWhere
 http://webanywhere.cs.washington.edu/wa.php
Sample video of use
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Accessibility Color Wheel
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http://gmazzocato.altervista.org/colorwheel/wheel
.php
Contrast Ratio
Firefox Extension to Analyze color on Page
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http://juicystudio.com/article/colour-contrastanalyser-firefox-extension.php
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Arguments Debate Accesibility
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Sample Sites built for accessibility
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http://htmlhelp.com/design/accessibility/myths.ht
ml
http://accessites.org/site/
Subscribe to newsletter updating accessibility
issues
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http://www.d.umn.edu/itss/support/Training/On
line/webdesign/webdev_listserv.html
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Resources
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http://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/web
design/accessibility.html