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TC KIMLIK CHECKSUM
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
long
long
long
long
long
long
long
long
long
int
ETM 555
long
long
long
long
long
long
long
long
long
i ;
tcKimlikNoNumber ;
d[10] ;
tmp1 = 0 ;
tmp = 0 ;
odd_sum = 0 ;
even_sum = 0 ;
total = 0 ;
chkDigit1 = 0 ;
chkDigit2 = 0 ;
1
for(tcKimlikNoNumber = 19000000000 ; tcKimlikNoNumber < 20000000000 ;
tcKimlikNoNumber++) {
tmp =tcKimlikNoNumber / 100 ;
tmp1 = tcKimlikNoNumber / 100 ;
for (i = 9; i > 0; i--) {
d[i] = tmp1 % 10 ;
tmp1 = tmp1 / 10 ;
}
odd_sum = d[9] + d[7]+ d[5]+ d[3]+ d[1];
even_sum = d[8] + d[6] + d[4] + d[2];
total = odd_sum * 3 + even_sum;
chkDigit1 = (10 - (total % 10)) % 10;
odd_sum = chkDigit1 + d[8] + d[6] + d[4] + d[2];
even_sum = d[9] + d[7] + d[5] + d[3] + d[1];
total = odd_sum * 3 + even_sum;
chkDigit2 = (10 - (total % 10)) % 10;
tmp = tmp * 100 + chkDigit1 * 10 + chkDigit2;
if (tmp != tcKimlikNoNumber) {
/* printf("Gecersiz TC Kimlik Numarasi: %lld\n",tcKimlikNoNumber) ;
;
}
else {
printf("Gecerli TC Kimlik Numarasi: %lld\n",tcKimlikNoNumber) ;
}
}
*/
return(0) ;
}
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HTML
• Hypertext Markup Language
• Identifies the elements of a page so that a browser such as MS Internet
Explorer or Netscape can render that page on the computer screen
• Static page description
• WYSIWYG web page authoring tools
- MS Frontpage
- Dreamweaver
- Home Site
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HTML Example Source
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> Hello </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<P> Hello world </P>
</BODY>
</HTML>
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HTML Form Example
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE> Hello </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FORM METHOD="GET" ACTION="http://localhost/cgi-bin/ex.cgi >
<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="word">
<INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Submit word">
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>
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GET and POST METHODS
• GET method passes form input as part of the URL to the server side
program:
http://www.yahoo.com/cgi-bin/process.cgi?firstname=ali&last=veli
• POST method passes input to the standard input of the server side
program:
firstname=ali
last=veli
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HTML5
• HTML5 is the next generation of HTML
• HTML5 will be the new standard for HTML, XHTML, and the HTML
DOM.
• The previous version of HTML came in 1999. The web has changed a lot
since then.
• HTML5 is still a work in progress. However, most modern browsers have
some HTML5 support.
• Examples:
– http://html5demos.com/
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HTML5
• Some of the most interesting new features in HTML5:
– The canvas element for drawing
– The video and audio elements for media playback
– Better support for local offline storage
– New content specific elements, like article, footer, header, nav, section
– New form controls, like calendar, date, time, email, url, search
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JAVASCRIPT
• Scripting language
• Browser contains Javascript interpreter which processes the commands
in the script
• Processed by client
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Javascript Example Source
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> Hello </TITLE>
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE= "Javascript" >
function sayhello()
{
document.writeln("<p> Hello world </p>") ;
}
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY ONLOAD= "sayhello()" > </BODY>
</HTML>
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CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
• Allow you to specify the style of your page elements (spacing, margins
etc) separately from the structure of your documents (section headers,
body, text, links etc)
• “Separation of Structure from Content” allows greater manageability
and makes changing the style of the document easier.
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CSS Example Source
• inline style (w/o CSS)
<HTML>
<HEAD> <TITLE> Hello </TITLE> </HEAD>
<BODY>
<P STYLE= “font-size: 20 pt” > Hello world </P>
</BODY></HTML>
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CSS Example Source
• css style sheet
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> Hello </TITLE>
<STYLE TYPE = “text/css”>
P {font-size: 20 pt }
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<P > Hello world </P>
</BODY></HTML>
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CSS Example Source
• importing the css file:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> Hello </TITLE>
<LINK REL = “stylesheet” TYPE=“text/css” HREF = “styles.css”
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<P > Hello world </P>
</BODY></HTML>
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XML-Extensible Markup Language
• HTML markup is for displaying information
• XML markup is for describing data of virtually any type
• XML enables creation of new markup languages to markup anything
imaginable (such as mathematical formulas, records etc)
• In XML, new tags can be created
• Data is structured in a hierarchical manner
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XML example
<? xml version = “1.0”>
<person>
<firstname> Ali </firstname>
<lastname> Veli </lastname>
<married> yes </married>
<wife>
<firstname> Ayse </firstname>
<lastname> Mehmet </lastname>
</wife>
</person>
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XML Document Model
•
A “document model” is used to enforce structure within a
document
•
Two types of document models for XML:
– DTD – Document Type Definition
– XML Schema
•
Document models are not required in XML
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Validating Parsers
•
A validating parser will check an XML document’s structure
against a DTD or XML Schema
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Documents that conform to a document model are “valid”
Validating parsers will report an error if the document does not
conform to it’s document model, even if it is well-formed
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DTD Example: XML File
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<?xml version=”1.0” standalone=”yes”?>
<emails>
<message num=”a1” to=”joe@acmeshipping.com”
from=”brenda@xyzcompany.com” date=”02/09/01”>
<subject title=”Order 10011”/>
<body>
Joe,
Please let me know if order number 10011 has
shipped.
Thanks,
Brenda
</body>
<reply status="yes"/>
</message>
</emails>
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DTD Example: Internal DTD
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<!DOCTYPE emails [
<!ELEMENT emails
(message+)>
<!ELEMENT message
(subject?, body, reply*)>
<!ATTLIST message
num
ID
#REQUIRED
to
CDATA
#REQUIRED
from
CDATA
#FIXED
“brenda@xyzcompany.com”
date
CDATA
#REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT subject
EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST
subject
title
CDATA
#IMPLIED>
<!ELEMENT body ANY>
<!ELEMENT
reply
EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST reply
status
(yes | no)
"no">
]>
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XML Schema
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XML Schema specification released by the W3C in May 2001, and
contains two parts:
– Part I - structure
– Part II - data types
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Developed as an alternative to DTD’s and is much more powerful
Features:
– Pattern matching
– Rich set of data types
– Attribute grouping
– Supports XML namespaces
– Follows XML syntax
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XML Schema Example
1 <?xml version=”1.0”?>
2 <message
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xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
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xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation = "message_schema.xsd">
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<to>Joe Poller</to>
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<from>Brenda Lane</from>
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<date_sent/>
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<subject>Order 10011</subject>
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<body>
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Joe,
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Please let me know if order number 10011 has
shipped.
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Thanks,
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Brenda
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</body>
15 </message>
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XML Schema Example
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<?xml version=”1.0”?>
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema”>
<xsd:element name=”message”>
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name=”to” type=”xsd:string”
minOccurs-“1”
maxOccurs=”unbounded”/>
<xsd:element name=”from” type=”xsd:string” minOccurs=”1”/>
<xsd:element name=”date_sent” type=”xsd:date”/>
<xsd:element name=”subject” type=”xsd:string”/>
<xsd:element name=”body” type=”xsd:string”/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
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ASP/PHP
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Javascript is client side scripting language
• ASP/PHP are server side scripting languages
• ASP/PHP process pages on the server and return the results in the form
of HTML source to the client (browser)
• ASP is Microsoft product
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PHP Example 1
<html>
<body>
<?php $db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM employees",$db);
printf(“<p>First Name: %s</p>\n",
mysql_result($result,0,"first"));
printf(“<p>Last Name: %s</p>\n",
mysql_result($result,0,"last"));
printf(“<p>Address: %s</p>\n",
mysql_result($result,0,"address"));
printf(“<p>Position: %s</p>\n",
mysql_result($result,0,"position"));
?>
</body>
</html>
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PHP Example 2
<html> <body>
<?php if ($submit) { // process form
$db = mysql_connect("localhost", "root");
mysql_select_db("mydb",$db);
$sql = "INSERT INTO employees (first,last,address,position) VALUES
('$first','$last','$address','$position')";
$result = mysql_query($sql);
echo "Thank you! Information entered.\n";
} else{ // display form
?>
<form method="post" action="<?php echo $PHP_SELF?>">
First name:<input type="Text" name="first"><br>
Last name:<input type="Text" name="last"><br>
Address:<input type="Text" name="address"><br>
Position:<input type="Text" name="position"><br>
<input type="Submit" name="submit" value="Enter information">
</form>
<?php
} // end if
?>
</body> </html>
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PHP-MYSQL PROGRAMMING
MYSQL Commands
CREATE TABLE tablename ( columnname typ modifiers,
columnname typ modifiers,
…..)
SELECT fieldname1, fieldname2,.. FROM tablename WHERE criteria
SELECT fieldname1, fieldname2,.. FROM tablename ORDER BY
fieldname ASC
DSC
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PHP-MYSQL PROGRAMMING
INSERT INTO tablename (fieldname1, fieldname2,…) VALUES
(‘value1’, ‘value2’, … )
UPDATE tablename SET fieldname1=‘value1’, fieldname2=‘value2’
WHERE criteria
DELETE FROM tablename WHERE criteria
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CGI
• Common Gateway Interface
• Protocol to enable running programs on the web server
•These programs produce HTML output which is sent to the client (browser)
•Programs can be written in any language (most popular is PERL)
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PERL
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Practical Extraction and Report Language
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Became popular with CGI programs
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High level – rich and easy to use pattern matching, text processing
operators
• Lots of free PERL modules (packages) are available that make
programming easy:
-networking modules
-Html/XMP parser, CGI modules
• Extremely useful for developing automated pograms that surf the Internet
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Automated Web Page Downloader
#!/usr/local/bin/perl
use LWP::UserAgent ;
use HTML::TokeParser ;
$options{"agent"} = "Mozilla/4.6 [en] (X11; I; SunOS 5.7 sun4u)";
my $agent
= new LWP::UserAgent(%options);
my $request = new HTTP::Request('GET' => $ARGV[0] ) ;
my $response = $agent->request($request) ;
if ( $response->is_success() ) {
print($response->content()) ;
} else {
print("Error: " . $reponse->status_line() . "\n" ) ;
die ;
}
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CGI Life Cycle
• Server receives a request for a CGI program
• Server creates a new process to run the CGI program
• Server passes information to the program:
– via environment variables and standard input.
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CGI – Based Web Server
Main Process
Request for CGI1
Child process for CGI1
Request for CGI2
Child process for CGI2
Request for CGI1
Child process for CGI1
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Problems with CGI
• Expensive to create a process for each request:
– requires time and significant server resources,
– limits the # of requests a server can handle concurrently
• Stateless: No history remembered
– A big problem for web-based development
– Solutions: cookies
– Still expensive
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Problems with CGI
• Once the CGI program starts:
– It cannot interact with the web server
– It takes advantage of the server's abilities once it begins execution
• Reasons: the program is running in a separate process.
• Example, a CGI script cannot write to the server's log file.
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Ways to Improve CGI Performance
• FastCGI
• mod_perl
• Other solutions
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FastCGI
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Developed by a company “Open Market”
FastCGI creates a single persistent process for each FastCGI program
It eliminates the need to create a new process for each request.
See: http://www.fastcgi.com/
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FastCGI
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No need to start multiple processes for different requests for the same
fastcgi program
• Still needs one process for each cgi program.
• It does nothing to help the FastCGI program to interact more closely
with the server.
– Not implemented by some of the more popular servers, i.e.,
Microsoft's Internet Information Server.
• Not very portable
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FastCGI – Based Web Server
Main Process
Request for CGI1
Single Child process for
CGI1
Request for CGI2
Request for CGI1
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Single Child process for
CGI2
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Mod_perl
• Used in the Apache web server
• mod_perl is a module that embeds a copy of the Perl interpreter into the
Apache httpd executable
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Providing complete access to Perl functionality within Apache
CGI scripts are precompiled by the server and executed without forking,
Thus running much more quickly and efficiently.
http://perl.apache.org/
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Server Extension APIs
• Proprietary server extension APIs
for example:
– Netscape provides an internal API called NSAPI
– Microsoft provides ISAPI
– Exist within the main process of a web server
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Server Extension APIs
Advantages
• Using one of these APIs, one can write server extensions that enhance or
change the base functionality of the server
• Allowing the server to handle tasks that were once assigned to external
CGI programs.
• Use linked C or C++ code
– Thus can run extremely fast; and
– make full use of the server's resources.
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Web Server with Server Extension API
Main Process
Request for
ServerExtension1
ServerExtension1
Request for
ServerExtension2
ServerExtension2
Request for
ServerExtension1
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Server Extension APIs
Disadvantages
• Difficult to develop and maintain
• Pose significant security and reliability hazards
– a crashed server extension can bring down the entire server.
• Proprietary server extensions are tied to the server API on a particular OS
– Not very portable
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JAVA
• Introduced by SUN Microsystems
• Object oriented programming language
• Java compiler creates bytecodes that are interpreted by java
bytecode interpreter
• Portable bytecode
• Java can be used to create dynamic content on web pages
• Java applets: are programs that can be embedded in HTML
documents. Browser (i.e. client) executes the applets.
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JAVA Servlets
• A servlet is a server-side version of an applet
• Servlets are executed on the server under the control of web server
• Servlets are called from HTML just as with applets
• Servlet receive a request and returns a response to the client in the form
of an HTML source
• Often used as alternative to CGI programs
• Some advantages:
- CGI programs start, execute and stop providing no way to save
information whereas servlet continue to run (hence capable of saving
information)
- Large set of APIs
- Can be faster than CGI
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Java Servlet Based Web Server
Main Process
Request for
Servlet1
thread
Request for
Servlet2
thread
Servlet1
thread
JVM
Servlet2
Request for
Servlet1
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AJAX Technologies
(Asynchronous Javascript and XML)
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Ajax programming uses combination of :
– XHTML/HTML and CSS for formatting.
– DOM accessed with a client-side scripting language such as
JavaScript to dynamically display and interact with the
information presented.
– XMLHttpRequest object is used to exchange data
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asynchronously with the web server without leaving the
current page
– XML is used for transferring data between the server and
client, (any other format can also be used).
Example: Gmail uses ajax technologies
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JQUERY
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jQuery is a library of JavaScript Functions.
jQuery greatly simplifies JavaScript programming
jQuery is easy to learn
jQuery is a lightweight "write less, do more" JavaScript library
http://jquery.com/
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JQUERY
• The jQuery library contains the following features:
HTML element selections
HTML element manipulation
CSS manipulation
HTML event functions
JavaScript Effects and animations
HTML DOM traversal and modification
AJAX
Utilities
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Web Services Technologies
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XML-RPC
SOAP
WSDL
UDDI
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WSDL
( Web Services Description Language )
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WSDL is a document written in XML which describes a web
service. It specifies the location of the service and the
operations (or methods) the service provides.
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XML-RPC
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XML-RPC uses a simple XML application to express function
calls (requests) and returned values (responses) between clients
and servers.
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The heart of an XML-RPC message is the way data is encoded
into XML.
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SOAP
( Simple Object Access Protocol )
SOAP :
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XML based protocol to let applications exchange information over HTTP
Protocol for accessing a Web Service.
A communication protocol
For communication between applications
Provides a format for sending messages
Designed to communicate via Internet
Platform independent
Language independent
Simple and extensible
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WSDL
( Web Services Description Language )
•
WSDL is a document written in XML which describes a web
service. It specifies the location of the service and the
operations (or methods) the service provides.
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UDDI
( Universal Description, Discovery and Integration )
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UDDI is a directory service where businesses can register and
search for web services.
UDDI communicates via SOAP
Web service interfaces in UDDI is described by WSDL
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