Transcript Inherited Traits

Inherited Traits
Presented by Kesler Science
Essential Questions:
1. What are inherited traits?
2. How are traits governed by the
genetic material found in the
genes within chromosomes in
the cell nucleus?
Inherited Traits
Heredity
The transfer of traits
from one generation
to another
generation.
Inherited Traits
Gregor Mendel
• Known as the “father of
modern genetics”
• Born in 1822
• A monk, in Austria Mendel
discovered the basic
principles of heredity
through experiments with
pea plants.
Inherited Traits
Inherited Traits
• A characteristic or features of one
organism that are inherited (passed
from parent to offspring).
• In humans
• Freckles, eye/hair color, dimples
• In animals
• Eye/hair color, hair texture, face
shape
• In plants
• Leaf shape, plant height, flower
color
Inherited Traits
Dominant Traits
• Traits that hide other traits
when passed on to offspring.
• Shows its specific trait even if
only one parent passed the
gene to the child.
• When a child inherits dominant
brown-hair gene from dad, the
child will have brown hair.
Inherited Traits
Recessive Traits
• Traits that get hidden by
dominant traits.
• Shows its specific trait when
both parents pass the gene
to the child.
• When a child inherits
recessive blue-eye gene from
both mom and dad, the
child will have blue eyes.
Quick Action – Inherited Traits
• Stand up and find a partner
to work with.
• Using this diagram make a
list for each of you of the
dominant traits you have.
• Think about your parents,
who did you get each
dominant trait from?
Quick Action – INB Template
Title INB Template
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cut out the Template on
the solid lines
Glue narrow tab into
notebook
Folds like a fan
Write notes under
vocabulary
Inherited Traits
How are traits passed?
• When organisms reproduce,
traits are passed from parent to
offspring.
• It all begins in the organisms’
cells.
• Cells are the basic building
blocks of all living things.
• Cells contain the body’s
hereditary material and can
make copies of themselves.
Inherited Traits
Nucleus
• A small egg-shaped structure
inside the cell
• Acts like the brain of the cell
• It tells every part of the cell
what to do.
• It contains chromosomes and
genes.
• Stores the cells hereditary
material or DNA
Inherited Traits
Chromosomes
• Thread-like structures that are found
in the nucleus of a cell that contains
all DNA.
• Each chromosome is made of
protein and a single molecule of
DNA.
• Comes in matching sets of two
• Human cell nucleus contains 46
chromosomes or 23 pairs.
• Half of these chromosomes come
from one parent and half come
from the other parent.
Inherited Traits
DNA
• Molecule that carries the
genetic instructions for all living
organisms.
• Short for deoxyribonucleic acid
• Contains the specific
instructions that make each
type of living creature unique.
• Determines how the cells in a
body will function
Inherited Traits
Genes
• Genes determine traits.
• A stretch of DNA on a
chromosome with instructions
for one trait.
• Like chromosomes, genes also
come in pairs.
• Each parent has two copies of
each of their genes.
• Each parent passes along just
one copy to make up the
genes of the offspring.
Quick Action – Inherited Traits
• Stand up and find a partner to work with.
• Make a Venn diagram for the similarities and
differences between DNA and genes.
Quick Action – Inherited Traits
Write About
1. Make a list in order from largest to smallest of
the 4 cell parts you just learned about.
2. Think it through. Which one is inside the
other?
3. Make a quick sketch in your notebook
showing this order.
Inherited Traits
Cell contains the nucleus.
Nucleus contains the
chromosomes.
Chromosomes contains the
DNA.
DNA contains the Gene.
Inherited Traits
Acquired Traits
• Physical characteristic of an
organism
• Not passed down to offspring
genetically
• Is a learned trait
• Is a product of the
environment’s influence on the
organism
Check for Understanding
Can you…
1. Recognize inherited
traits?
2. Explain how genetic
material found in genes
governs inherited traits?