Transcript Slide 1
Medical Genetics in 2020? What will we be able to do? What should we be able to do? www.genomicseducation.ca Scientists discover gene for asthma risk Tue 05 Jul 2005 Genes allow some older women to conceive Wed 22 Jun 2005 Gene variations predict kidney disease Wed 15 Jun 2005 A brief timeline… 1865 Gregor Mendel’s experiments on peas demonstrate the basic laws of inheritance. 1902 Archibald Garrod, observes that the disease alkaptonuria has a genetic cause and is inherited as a recessive condition. 1911 Thomas Hunt Morgan experiments on fruit flies to show that chromosomes carry genes. 1951 Rosalind Franklin obtains sharp x-ray diffraction photographs of DNA. 1953 Francis Crick and James Watson describe the double helix structure of DNA. …A brief timeline… 1959 Down Syndrome is found to be caused by three copies of chromosome 21 NOT two. 1975 DNA Sequencing method is invented. 1978 Louise Brown, the first ‘test-tube baby’ is born. 1983 Huntington’s disease… the first MUTATION SHOWN to cause disease is mapped to chromosome 4. 1990 Human Genome Project is launched. The sequencing all 3.2 billion letters of the human genome is undertaken. 1999 Chromosome 22 is sequenced 2003 Completion of the Human Genome sequencing. What can we do in 2005? Population Screening Pharmacogenetics Newborn Screening Prenatal Diagnosis Medical Genetics in 2020? What will we be able to do? What should we be able to do? www.genomicseducation.ca