Transcript CANDIDATE GENES FOR LR - Alcohol Medical Scholars

How to Give a Lecture
Marc A. Schuckit, MD
UCSD
GIVING A LECTURE
 Everyone can do it
 Learn a style
 Modify for you
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THIS LECTURE COVERS
 Philosophy
 Preparation
 Slides
 Delivery
 Questions
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PHILOSOPHY
 Set ~ 4 clear goals
 Goal must fit audience
 Needs of audience are key
 10-15 min. attention span
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PREPARATION
 Know material
 Develop outline
 Revise
 Practice
 Expect problems
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REVIEWING THE
LITERATURE



Begin with recent paper
List topics on sheets
Go to other recent articles
 Extract on sheets
 Summarize complex sheets
 Place in order
 Fill in holes
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DEVELOPING AN OUTLINE
I. Major topics
A. Components of topics
1. Explaining components
a. Details
1) Etc.
II.
A.
1.
2.
B.
1.
2.
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PREPARATION
 Know material
 Develop outline
 Revise
 Practice
 Expect problems
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SLIDES
 Major topics ~ 4 key slides
 Develop 2nd level slides
 All slides to be
 10th grade level
 Understood in 10 secs
 Simple
 Large writing
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SLIDES: DON’T USE
 Book tables/figures
 Quotations
 Too many
 Overheads
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TYPES OF SLIDES
 Label topics
 Outline talk
 Set mood
 Focus attention
 Show criteria
 Draw conclusions
 Show simple data
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THE IMPORTANCE OF
GENETICS IS SUPPORTED BY:
 Family
 Adoption
 Twin
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VARIANCE OF RISK
Environment
40%
Genetics
60%
(Heterogeneous and Polygenic)
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LOW LEVEL OF RESPONSE
TO ALCOHOL (LR)
1. Less Alcohol Related
Change on a Challenge.
2. The Need for a Relatively
High Number of Drinks for
an Effect.
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140
.05
120
.05
Effect
100
FHN
FHP
.01
80
60
40
20
0
0
30
60
90
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Time
120
150
180
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SRE
TIME FRAME:
DRINKS
NEEDED TO:
Feel Effect
Feel Dizzy or
Slur Speech
Stumble
Fall Asleep
1st 5
Times
Recent
3 Mos
Heaviest
LR
60% Genetics
LR Relates to Risk
COA
Native Americans
Koreans
Low LR Predicts Outcome
COMPLEXITIES
 Environment
 Heterogeneous
 Polygenic
SEARCH FOR GENES
FOR LR
 Association
 Linkage
 Animal Models
GENOTYPES, LR, &
ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
5HTT
LL
LR
%ALC
SL
-.89 -.30
57
21
GABAA6
SS
BOTH
LL+
SS+
Pro/Ser Pro/Pro Pro/Ser Pro/Pro
00
-1.01
-.27
-1.29
+.03
12
71
23
100
00
DOMAINS
 Behavioral Undercontrol (BU)
 Coping Style (WOC + DTC)
 Stress (LES + Work Stress)
 Social Support (SSQ N, S + SPS)
 Expectancies (AEQ)
 Drinking Environment (IPA + Spouse)
LR MODEL
PEER
EXPECT
FHalc
ALCOUT
LR
COPE
HOME
LR MODEL (Kids)
age
.13
EXPECT
Fhalc
.20
.25
.24
.17
.49
.50
LR
.29
ALC OUT
.07
-.20
-.18
.24
sex
HOME
.12
.20
Environ
FHalc
Gene
ALC
Theoretical Gene X Environment Model
EXPECT
FHalc
.32
.32
GABA
.18
GABA X EXPECT
ALC
IMPLICATIONS FOR
PREVENTION
Enhance Education of
Vulnerabilities
Find Environmental /
Psychosocial Protective
Factors Specific to Risk
DELIVERY
 Inspect room
 Stand
 Use outline
 State goal and structure
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DELIVERY
 Announce transitions
 Summarize along the way
 Build in rests
 Eye contact & revise
 Watch clock
 End with major points
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QUESTIONS
 Restate question
 Never get angry
 Dealing with rambling Qs
 Admit when don’t know
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OTHER TOPICS
 Humor
 Handouts
 Boredom
 Getting lost
 Emergencies
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CONCLUSIONS
 Everyone can lecture
 Focus on audience
 Preparation is key
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