Transcript Proteins

Protein
Learning Targets:
Tell function of protein
Describe complete and incomplete proteins
Complete incomplete proteins
Give USDA advice for choosing protein
Protein’s function is to
BUILD AND REPAIR.
ALL body cells need
protein.
Besides building the
cells of your body
structure, protein is
also used to build
hormones and
enzymes that help
your body function.
Tell your partner the
function of protein in
your body.
Proteins are made
of building
blocks called
amino acids.
Amino acids join
together to form
protein molecules.
There are 20 amino acids, which can
be conbined in different ways to make
tens of thousands of different
proteins.
Some of these amino acids
can be made by your body,
However 9 amino acids cannot be
made by the body.
They are called ESSENTIAL amino acids, because it is
ESSENTIAL that they be obtained from your food.
If you do not eat foods with these
essential amino acids, you will not
have the “blocks” to build the amino
acids you need.
• Trying to make protein without
the essential amino acids is like
trying to make words without
vowels: even if you have a lot
of pieces, you can’t make what
you need.
Proteins are classified by
whether or not they give you all
the essential amino acids.
Complete protein comes from
ANIMALS.
It gives you all the essential amino acids,
so you can make whatever proteins you need.
Incomplete protein comes from the
seeds of plants.
Incomplete proteins lack one or more
essential amino acids.
(Some vegetables also contain protein. In this
discussion we will only be looking at plant proteins
from the protein and grain groups.)
Discuss with your partner:
1. What are proteins made of?
2. What makes some amino acids
“essential”?
3. What is the difference between
complete and incomplete
proteins?
Incomplete proteins are not all lacking
the same essential amino acids, so if
you combine them correctly, you can
get all the amino acids you need.
It’s easy to do.
Just pick 2.
Combine any 2 of
these DIFFERENT
types of incomplete
protein:
• Legumes (things that
grow in a pod—like beans)
• Nuts/seeds
• Grains
Proteins from
2 DIFFERENT
groups
complete
each other,
and are called
COMPLEMENTARY.
Complementary
proteins need
to be eaten the
same day to
work together.
Here are some examples:
Are THESE pairs
complementary?
a. almonds & cashews
b. peanutbutter on
wheat bread
c. rice & beans
d. bean burrito
e. walnuts & beans
f. split pea soup &
bread.
G. pasta & French bread
Now you
try some:
Plan 4
complementary
combinations.
(Peanuts are in the
legume group—
they grow in a
pod.)
(Question 6 on your WS.)
Share your complementary protein
suggestions with your table group.
Does everyone have pairs that would
really complement each other?
You can also complete an incomplete
protein by adding any complete
protein to it.
In macaroni and
cheese, the cheese
provides the
essential amino
acids that the
macaroni lacks.
Here are some other popular
complete/incomplete combinations:
Spaghetti & Meatballs
Cereal & Milk
Chili con carne
Now you try some.
Create 4 combinations of
complete + incomplete protein.
(Question 7 on WS.)
With your partner,
discuss TWO ways you
can complete an
incomplete protein.
Foods need to be eaten the same DAY
to complete each other.)
Why would people WANT
incomplete protein?
1.
Animals have
a lot of
saturated fat
that is bad for
your heart.
Why would people
WANT
incomplete protein?
2. Plant foods are often less
expensive than animal foods.
Why would people WANT
incomplete protein?
3.
Philosophical
reasons:
(This information is from a
vegetarian group,
trying to convince people
to eat only plants. The
information is generally
accurate, but some of the
wording is very biased.)
With your partner,
discuss at least 3 reasons
why people would want to
eat incomplete proteins,
even though they lack
essential amino acids.
Plan a week’s worth of protein. Each meal needs to
have compete protein, or complementary proteins.
(Question 9 on WS. Come back and do at end of Power Point)
Here are USDA recommendations for total daily protein intake.
American generally get enough protein,
but need to make healthier choices..
Here are 10
protein
suggestions
from
MyPlate.gov
1. Vary your protein food choices Eat a
variety of foods from the Protein
Foods Group each week. Experiment
with main dishes
made with beans or
peas, nuts, soy,
and seafood.
2. Choose seafood twice a week
3. Make meat and poultry lean or low fat .
*Choose lean or low-fat cuts of meat like round or sirloin
*Buy ground beef that is at least 90% lean.
*Trim or drain fat from meat and remove poultry skin.
Compare the fat in rib steak with the fat in round steak.
4. Have an egg
One egg a day, on average,
doesn’t increase risk for heart
disease, so make eggs part of
your weekly choices.
Only the egg yolk contains
cholesterol and
saturated fat, so have as many
egg whites as you want.
5. Eat plant
protein foods
more often.
They are naturally low in
saturated fat and high in
fiber.
Try beans and peas (kidney, pinto,
black, or white beans; split peas;
chickpeas; hummus), soy products
(tofu, tempeh, veggie burgers),
nuts,
and
seeds.
6. Nuts and Seeds
Choose unsalted
nuts or seeds.
Nuts and seeds are a
concentrated source of
calories, so eat small
portions to keep calories
in check.
7. Keep it tasty & healthy .
Try grilling, broiling, roasting, or baking—
broiling,
they don’t add extra fat.
Avoid breading meat
or poultry, which
adds calories.
or slowcooking
8. Make a healthy sandwich
Choose turkey, roast beef,
canned tuna or salmon,
or peanut butter.
Many deli meats, such as regular bologna or salami, are high in
fat and sodium—make them occasional treats only.
9. Think small when it comes
to meat portions
Get the flavor you crave but in a smaller portion.
Make or order a smaller burger or a “petite” size steak.
A serving about
the size of a
deck of cards or
your palm
is about 3 ounces.
Most people, ages 9 and older, should eat 5 to 7 ounces* of protein foods each day.
10. Check the sodium
Check the Nutrition Facts label to limit sodium. Salt is
added to many canned
foods—including beans
and meats. Many processed meats—such as ham,
sausage, and hot dogs—
are high in sodium. Some
fresh chicken, turkey, and
pork are brined in a salt
solution for flavor and
tenderness.
With your partner, list at
least 5 recommendations
from USDA on making
healthful protein choices.
Have you reached our learning targets?
1. Tell function of protein
2. Describe complete and incomplete
proteins
3. Complete incomplete proteins
4. Give USDA advice for choosing protein