Transcript Nutrition
NUTRITION TERMS TO KNOW NUTRITION Substances Regulate the body needs to: bodily functions Promote growth Repaid body tissues Obtain energy TERMS TO KNOW METABOLISM Chemical processes by which the body breaks down food to produce energy CALORIE A unit of measure the measures the amount of energy released when nutrients are burned. TERMS TO KNOW CHOLESTEROL A waxy fatlike substance found in the cells of all animals. Body manufactures cholesterol HDL LDL TERMS TO KNOW AMINO ACIDS Building blocks of protein ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS The 9 amino acids that the body cannot manufacture. TERMS TO KNOW DEFICIENCY a condition in which the person does not obtain enough of a specific nutrient DEHYDRATION When the body loses important electrolytes along with water ELECTROLYTES Dissolved substances found in water THE SIX CLASSES OF NUTRIENTS CARBOHYDRATES Excellent source of energy Complex Simple Starches Ex: potatoes, whole grains, rice, cereals, breads, pasta Sugars Natural (fruits, veggies, milk) Refined (candy, soda) Fiber = type of complex carb. that is not broken down or absorbed in body – passes out of system (fruits, veggies, grains Glucose = major provider of energy FATS Highest energy content; forms cell structure; hair and skin Saturated Unsaturated Solid at room temp. Ex: beef, pork, chicken, lamb, dairy Liquid at room temp. Ex: veggie oil, nuts, seeds Cholesterol PROTEIN Growth and repair o the body tissue; least as a source of energy Complete Incomplete Contains all 9 essential amino acids Lack 1 or more of the essential amino acids Ex: meat, fish, poultry, dairy products, eggs Ex: beans, peas, nuts, whole grains VITAMINS Made by living things and assist in chemical reactions Regulate body processes Fat Soluble Water Soluble Can be stored in body Cannot be stored in body A, D, E, & K B&C MINERALS Nutrients that are not manufactured by living things Ex: Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium, Sodium Calcium: strong bones & teeth; aids in blood clotting Iron: Red Blood Cells (women => menstruation; men => building muscle mass) Anemia- sick) lack of hemoglobin in RBC (tired, weak, WATER Essential for all life processes, energy reactions How much water should you drink a day? Minimum of 8 glasses per day INFLUENCES WHAT INFLUENCES WHAT YOU EAT? Hunger A natural physical drive that protect you from starvation Appetite A desire, rather than a need, to eat WHAT INFLUENCES WHAT YOU EAT? Your Environment Family, Friends, Peers Cultural and ethnic background Convenience and cost Advertising