Transcript Mutations in DNA

Mutations in DNA
“How does it affect the protein?”
ID the mutation as either:
• Substitution
• Insertion
• Deletion
Remember, this is a CHANGE to the original
DNA sequence!
Identify the type of mutation that
has occurred:
Original  ATC TTA GGC CGA
New 
ATC TAA GGC CGA
ANSWER : Substitution
Identify the type of mutation that
has occurred:
Original  ATCTTAGGCCGA
New 
ATTAAGGCCGA
C
ANSWER : Deletion
Identify the type of mutation that
has occurred:
Original  ATCTTAGGCCGA
New 
ATCTTAGAGCCGA
ANSWER : Insertion
Identify the type of mutation that
has occurred:
Original  ATCTTAGGCCGA
New 
ATCTATAGGCCGA
ANSWER : Insertion
There are FIVE results that can occur
DUE to a mutation:
• Silent mutation  Protein unaffected
• Substitution  One amino acid substituted
• Premature stop  STOP coded too early and
protein is left short
• Codon deletion or insertion  ONE amino
acid is added in or removed from protein
• Frame shift mutation  When a simple
insertion or deletion changes the entire
sequence of amino acids
Identify the type of mutation that
has occurred:
Original  ATGTTAGGCCGA
New 
ATGTATAGGCCGA
Identify the ORIGINAL protein and NEW protein.
What resulted from this insertion?
FRAMESHIFT
Identify the type of mutation that
has occurred:
Original  ATG TTA GGC CGA
New 
ATG TTA GGC CGG
Determine both Original and NEW proteins
Substitution – What results from this?
SILENT MUTATION
Identify the type of mutation that
has occurred:
Original  ATGTTGATAGGA
New 
ATGTTGATTGGA
What results from this Substitution?
Premature STOP