Transcript Evolutionary Classification (17.2)

Evolutionary Classification (17.2)
State Standard
SB3C. Examine the evolutionary basis of
modern classification systems.
Chapter 17
Organizing Life’s Diversity
17.2 Modern Classification
Phylogenetic Species Concept
 ___________ is the ______________
history of a species.
 The phylogenetic species concept defines a
species as a _________ of organisms that is
distinct from other ____________ and shows
____________ of a pattern of __________ and
____________________.
 It also takes into account ________ similarities.
Chapter 17
Organizing Life’s Diversity
17.2 Modern Classification
Characters
 To classify a species, scientists construct
patterns of _________ by using ___________
 Characters can be _______________ or
_________________.
Chapter 17
Organizing Life’s Diversity
17.2 Modern Classification
Morphological Characters
 Shared ____________ characters suggest that species
are related _________ and _________ from a recent
common _____________. Ex: Hawks and Eagles
 ______________ characters are those that have the
same ______________ but different underlying
construction. They do show a close
______________________ relationship.
 _____________characters might perform different
______________, but show an anatomical similarity
inherited from a ____________ ancestor. Indicate
common ancestor
Chapter 17
Organizing Life’s Diversity
17.2 Modern Classification
Homologous Structures
Between
Birds and Dinosaurs
 _______________ bones
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
 Theropods have leg, wrist,
hip, and shoulder structures
similar to __________.
 Some theropods may
have had
____________________.
Oviraptor philoceratops
Chapter 17
Organizing Life’s Diversity
17.2 Modern Classification
Biochemical Characters
 Scientists use ______________ characters, such
as _____________ acids and
__________________, to help them determine
evolutionary relationships among species.
 ___________ structure and number is a powerful
clue for determining species ________________.
 _______ and ________ analyses are powerful
tools for ____________________ phylogenies.
Chapter 17
Organizing Life’s Diversity
17.2 Modern Classification
 The similar appearance of chromosomes among
chimpanzees,
gorillas, and
orangutans
suggests a
__________
ancestry.
Chapter 17
Organizing Life’s Diversity
17.2 Modern Classification
Molecular Clocks
 Scientists use molecular
clocks to compare the DNA
_________ or amino acid
sequences of _________
that are shared by different
________________.
Chapter 17
Organizing Life’s Diversity
17.2 Modern Classification
 The differences between the
genes indicate the presence
of ____________.
 The more ___________ that
have accumulated, the more
_______ that has passed
since divergence of the
species from the common
__________.