Transcript Bio PBL PowerPoint Presentation

BIOLOGY PBL
Ng Jing Hao 3S314
Goh Chin Yee 3S304
TARGET AUDIENCE

Students in the track and field, specifically
discus throwers
OBJECTIVES




Analyse the dietary needs of these students in the aspect of
 Age group (13 years to 16 years)
 Level of activity
 Specific nutrition needed
Assessing the Yong Tau Foo Stall in our school for
 Nutritional value
 If it is adequate for discus throwers
Design a meal for these people in these aspects:
 Realistic
 More balanced nutrition compared to the Yong Tau Foo
Stall
 Costs
Compare the designed meal to the Yong Tau Foo Stall and
state its benefits
BACKGROUND RESEARCH CARBOHYDRATES
Best fuel sources for athletes
 Provides energy; initial fuel source
 In short-burst, high intensity events such
as sprinting, jumping as well as discus
throwing, carbohydrates provide 100% of the
energy
 The body stores limited amounts of
carbohydrates as glycogen

BACKGROUND RESEARCH CARBOHYDRATES


Physical training and a diet rich in complex
carbohydrates help athletes to store more
glycogen and to use its limited supply
sparingly
 Complex carbohydrates come from food such
as:

Spagahetti

Potatoes

Lasagna

Cereals

And other grain products
When glycogen supply runs low, athletes become
BACKGROUND RESEARCH PROTEINS
Building blocks of the body
 Consists of amino acids that form muscles, bones,
tendons, skin, hair and other tissues
 Athletes need protein primarily to repair and
rebuild muscle that is broken down during
exercise
 Also help to optimize carbohydrate storage in the
form of glycogen
 Not an ideal source of fuel for exercise

BACKGROUND RESEARCH PROTEINS

Sources of proteins:
 Meat
 Fish Eggs
 Vegetables
 Fruits
 Nuts
BACKGROUND RESEARCH - FATS
Essential nutrient for optimal health
 Store fat provides cushion and insulation to
internal organs
 Moves Vitamins throughout the body
 Largest reserve of store energy available for
activity

BACKGROUND RESEARCH - FATS

Types of dietary fats
 Saturated fats (Too much of these may cause
health problems)


Meat

Egg yolks

Yoghurt

Cheese

Butter Milk
Unsaturated fats

Usually found in plant food sources

Brings health benefits
BACKGROUND RESEARCH MINERALS & VITAMINS

Minerals
Inorganic elements that aid in the formation of
strong bones
 Cannot be made by the body; they are provided by
the food we eat


Vitamins
Organic compounds that help regulate fat,
carbohydrate and protein metabolism in the body
 Cannot be made by the body; they are provided by
the food we eat
 Not an energy source, but play a vital role in
releasing energy stored

DIETARY NEEDS

High carbohydrate intake to cope with training
load


About 1.4-2.0 grams of carbohydrates per kg of body
weight
Normal intake of proteins

About 1.4-1.8 grams of proteins per kg of body weight
Normal intake of fats as well
 High intake of vitamins and minerals


Athletes should take in as much vitamins and
minerals as possible
NUTRITIONAL VALUES - YONG TAU
FOO
Food
Energy/kJ
Protein/g
Total
Fat/g
Carbohydrate/g
Calcium/mg
Iron/mg
Vitamin
C/mg
Bee Hoon
4534
20
4
243
46
3.07
0
Fish Ball
71
2
0
1
8
0.13
N.A
Crab Stick
67
2
0
2
21
0.06
N.A
Bitter Gourd filled
with fish paste
36
2
0
0
11
0.41
2
Tofu filled with fish
paste
264
7
4
0
71
1.18
0
Dried Seaweed
16
0
0
3
20
0.50
4
Dry Shrimp
Dumpling
503
21
23
53
103
3.07
0
Chinese Sausage
251
9
19
12
8
0.50
0
Beancurd Skin,
Deep Fried
79
3
7
0
13
0.77
0
Chilli Sauce
64
2
5
2
43
1.67
0
Red Sauce
23
0
1
4
8
0.39
0
Laksa Soup
634
24
37
51
192
3.79
2
PROPOSED MEAL

Yong Tau Foo allows individuals to order the
ingredients he wants


Added in other kinds of food such as drinks to
complement the needs of the discus thrower
Emphasis on carbohydrates and vitamins
Carbohydrates – main source of energy
 Vitamins – aid in releasing of energy

PROPOSED MEAL

Orange/ Watermelon Juice (Optional)


Bee Hoon


Source of carbohydrates
Chinese Sausage


May be unhealthy, but provides both carbohydrates
and vitamins
Dry Shrimp Dumpling


Main source of carbohydrates
Laksa Soup


Source of vitamins
Source of carbohydrates
Chocolates (Optional)

High source of carbohydrates
PROPOSED MEAL

Total costs

$1.50 + $0.50= $2.00(Without Orange Juice and
Chocolates)
4 ingredients: $1.50
Bee Hoon: $0.50
Orange Juice: $1.00-$1.50
REFERENCES
http://www.hpb.gov.sg/hpb/default.asp?pg_id=101
6
 http://library.thinkquest.org/11960/miracle/sports
.htm#discus
 http://www.bupa.co.uk/health_information/html/h
ealthy_living/lifestyle/exercise/diet_exercise/vita
mins.html
 http://sportsmedicine.about.com/od/sportsnutritio
n/a/Fat.htm
 http://sportsmedicine.about.com/od/sportsnutritio
n/a/Protein.htm
 http://www.pioneerthinking.com/athnutrition.ht
ml
 http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/foodnut/09362.
