Transcript LAMINITIS: (Founder), (Sinking) It is an inflammation of laminae of

Laminitis
(Founder, Sinking)
Assist. Prof;
Dr. Ahmed. H. F. AL-Bayati
College of Veterinary Medicine
Baghdad University
Laminitis (Founder, Sinking)
* It is an inflammation of laminaes of the hoof (sensitive &
insensitive laminae) characterized by passive congestion of the
sensitive laminae with blood. Commonly affected the forelimbs &
rarely the hind limbs.
Etiology
1. Infectious laminitis:
Occur due to endotoxin of bacteria, ex (Endometritis or retention of
placenta).
2. Non infectious laminitis:
A. Grain Founder.
* Occur due to ingestion of large amount of grain (Toxic amount)
* Grain containing toxin called (Histiden), which convert into histamine by
decarboxylation
* Lead to gastroenteritis
B. Water Founder.
* Occur due to drinking of a large amount of cold water by over heated horse,
that will be liberated the histamine.
C. Road Founder.
Occur due to local trauma.
D. Grass founder.
Occur due to obesity & ingestion of lush grass pasture (Alfa Alfa)
E. Hormonal causes.
Some hormones caused liberation of the histamine, ex (Estrogen).
F. Viral respiratory diseases.
G. PPID
Pituitary Pars Intermedial dysfunction (Equine Cushing's.
D)
* One of the most common
causes of laminitis.
* Increased the risk of
laminitis in older horses
range age (3-15) Years.
* Occur due to uncontrolled
production of ACTH by
pituitary gland.
Curly hair coat (Hairsutism)
1. Acute laminitis:
Symptoms
A. Laminitis may be affected either front or all
(4) feet's.
B. The animal keeps his fore limbs in front of the
body & hind limbs carried up and placed
under the abdomen.
C. Animal appeared great reluctance to
move.
D. Shot stapes stiff movement like walking
over nails. Walking on the heel.
E. Separation of sensitive and insensitive
laminaes from horny laminae (Seedy Toe)
with accumulation of exudation with painful
by palpation's.
F. In case of systemic infections, there is
increased in
* Body temperature (40-41C).
* Respiratory rate.
G. M.M congestion due to toxemia, Increased
digital pulsation, trembling of muscles.
H. Sever bleeding (when trimining ).
I. Death may occur from acute laminitis (not
common).
2. Chronic laminitis
1. Rotation of 3rd phalanx
due to Laminae separation from hoof wall due to:
* Weight of animal.
* Pulling of 3rd phalanx by DDFT.
* Ischemia in the insensitive Laminae
(pressure by congested B.V of sensitive
Laminae).
* Inflammation.
2. Sinking of 3rd phalanx .
3. Some horses loss the hoof completely, (10)
days before typical laminitis ring are present
(this begin as a crack at the coronary band &
extended completely around the wall) Several
weeks may elapse before slough of the hoof
finally.
4. Difficult movement.
Normal hoof
Singing phalanx
5. Abnormal growth of hoof
(Laminitis ring) due to
irregulatory in production
of horny material through
the hoof wall.
6. Toe pushed out through the
sole within 72 hr.
Treatment
1. Stable rest .
2. Put the hoof in cold pack (water or ice).
3. Put the animal in soft ground (straw or sand) or inject
with acepromazin (0.05-0.1mg/kg) as analgesic.
4. Bleeding the affected foot from sole by hoof knife till
reaches the sole corium to decrease the level of
congestion.
5. Removed the causative agent;
* Give laxative (mineral oil or purgative).
* Injection of anti-microbial agent or orally to treated the
infection.
* Administration of antihistaminic drug to reduced the
effects of histamine.
6. Corticosteroid injection.
7. Nerve block (Median or Volar nerve).
8. Anti-tetanic serum.
9. Washing or soaking of foot with 10% sodium sulfa-pyridin.
10. Corrective shoeing (lowering heel, rasping the quarters).
11. Forced exercise to promote venous blood flow (local anesthesia
or nerve block may help if pain sever).
12. Administration of Biotin (5.5mg/10kg), to release of sulphur
containing amino acids to stimulate hoof growth.
Prognosis
Always unfavorable